含硒酶与非酶作用机制  

Mechanism of selenoenzyme and non-enzymatic actions of selenium

作　　者：黄峙[1] 郭宝江[2] 

机构地区：[1]暨南大学生物工程学系,广州510632 [2]华南师范大学生物技术研究所,广州510631

出　　处：《生命科学》2002年第2期99-102,69,共5页Chinese Bulletin of Life Sciences

摘　　要：在微生物、植物和动物体内，硒的功能形式多种多样，但其作用机制可归纳为酶与非酶两个方面。含硒酶的作用主要有：谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GPx）家族催化超氧化物还原，防止细胞膜的氧化损伤；脱碘酶（ID）家族调节甲状腺激素代谢；硫氧还蛋白还原酶（TDR）家族催化硫氧还蛋白（Trx）还原，TDR／Trx系统为细胞的生长和分化所必需。硒的非酶化学保护作用体现在：可诱导一些蛋白激酶的富半胱氨酸结构域发生氧化还原修饰；增强免疫功能等作用。硒在植物中的作用机制具有许多特殊性。Selenium functions within microorganism, plant and animal systems in various forms,but the mechanism can be classified in selenoenzyme and additional chemopreventive actions.At least three types of selenoenzymes are representative, the first is the family of glutathioneperoxidases (GPx) which catalyze the reduction of peroxides that helps prevent oxidative damageto membranes; the second is the fmily of iodothyronine deiodinases (ID) which regulate themetabolism of thyroid hormones in all tissues and the third is the family of thioredoxin reductases(TDR) which reduce thioredoxins (Trx) and the TDR/Trx system plays an essential role in survivaland cell differentiation. Selenium involves with the mechanism of non-enzymatic actions such asredox modification of cysteine-rich domains in some proteins, enhancement of immune functionsand interaction with other nutritional factors (e.g, trace elements, metals, vitamins etc.). However,there are special functions of selenium with plants.

关 键 词：硒 含硒酶 非酶作用机制 作用机制 

分 类 号：Q581[生物学—生物化学] Q945.12