聚羟基脂肪酸酯的微生物合成、性质和应用  

Microbial Synthesis, Properties and Applications of Polyhydroxyalkanoates

作　　者：陈国强[1] 张广[1] 赵锴[1] 田格[1] 陈金春[1] 吴琼[1] 

机构地区：[1]清华大学生物科学与技术系,北京100084

出　　处：《无锡轻工大学学报（食品与生物技术）》2002年第2期197-208,共12页Journal of Wuxi University of Light Industry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目 (2 0 0 74 0 2 0和 30 170 0 17)资助课题

摘　　要：聚羟基脂肪酸酯 (Polyhydroxyalkanoates ,PHA) ,是微生物合成的一种聚酯 ,由于其具有优良性质 ,如生物可降解性、生物相容性和光学性能等 ,现已吸引了科技界和工业界的广泛兴趣 .PHA的力学性质依赖于其手性单体 (R) 羟基脂肪酸 ((R) hydroxyalkanoate)的组成和结构 .多学科的研究表明 ,PHA在可生物降解的包装材料、组织工程材料、缓释材料以及电学材料方面有广阔的应用前景 ,但只有降低PHA的生产成本后才可能大规模应用 .作者对PHA的化学、物理性质以及分子领域的研究进行了总结 ,包括用二维傅立叶变换红外技术对PHA的性质研究及新型PHA共聚物的工业化生产等 .Polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA),a microbially synthesized polyesters, have attracted increasing attentions from scientific and industrial communities for their combination of several properties including biodegradability, biocompatibility and optical activity. The potential applications as biodegradable packaging, tissue engineering and controlled release materials as well as electronic applications have shown some promises. Mechanical properties of PHA depend both on their optical (R) hydroxyalkanoate monomer contents and structures. Multidisciplinary researches have been devoted to obtain novel PHA. Large scale application of PHA will only be possible if PHA can be produced at a low cost. This paper attempts to review the recent progresses made in understanding the biochemical, physiological and molecular aspects of PHA synthesis. Industrial production of novel copolyesters of 3 hydroxybutyrate and 3 hydroxyhexanoate including its property studies using the two dimension Fourier Transformed Infrared Spectroscopy has also reviewed here.

关 键 词：微生物合成 性质 应用 聚羟基脂肪酸酯 聚酯 

分 类 号：O632[理学—高分子化学]