植物病原真菌毒素中除草活性物质的筛选  

The screening on components of herbcidal activity among plant pathogenic mycotoxins

作　　者：王朝华[1] 张立新[1] 董金皋[1] 

机构地区：[1]河北农业大学真菌毒素实验室,河北保定071001

出　　处：《河北农业大学学报》2002年第2期65-70,共6页Journal of Hebei Agricultural University

基　　金：河北省教育厅资助项目 (2 0 0 130 2 )

摘　　要：本试验对一些主要的植物病害真菌毒素的除草活性进行了初步研究 ,供试杂草为田间主要杂草反枝苋、稗草、狗尾草。种子萌发抑制试验结果表明 ,F - 8菌株的培养滤液不仅对反枝苋、稗草、狗尾草种子萌发有很强的抑制作用 ,而且对它们的根、茎生长抑制也很强 ;F - 5菌株的培养滤液可强烈地抑制反枝苋种子萌发及根茎的伸长 ;某些菌株的代谢物只能起到单方面的抑制作用。出苗后的茎叶处理结果发现 ,F -8菌株的培养滤液对供试杂草均有很强的抑制作用 ,叶黄化干枯 ;F - 9、F - 19菌株的培养滤液对稗草、狗尾草表现出抑制作用 ;此外 ,F - 16菌株也可抑制狗尾草的茎叶生长。F - 8菌株的安全性试验结果显示 ,该菌株对玉米苗前、苗后均表现安全 ,但抑制小麦、大白菜种子的萌发 ,而对其苗后生长无影响。因此 ,可考虑作物的不同反应情况 。The herbicidal activity of some major mycotoxins to three species of weeds Amaranthus retroflexus ,Echinochloa crusgalii,Setaria viridis Beauv. were tested in this paper.Seed germination experiment showed that the culture filtrate from isolate F 8 strongly inhibited seed germination,root and stem growth of all three weeds used.Isolate F 5 also had marked inhibiting effect on Amaranthus retroflexus .It is found from experminental results that some culture filtrate only had single inhibition effect.When the weeds sprouted, culture filtrate from isolate F 8 had obviously inhibition against all weeds tested and isolate F 9,F 19 only inhibited Echinochloa crusgalli,Setaria viridis Beauv..Moreover, the culture filtrate from isolate F 16 had effect against Setaria viridis Beauv..Safety experiment indicated that culture filtrate from isolate F 8 was safe to maize before or after the seeding came up,but affected seed germination of wheat and cabbage.

关 键 词：植物病原真菌毒素 除草活性物质 筛选 

分 类 号：S482.4[农业科学—农药学]