饮用水电化学法杀菌副产物三氯甲烷生成因素的研究  

Study on Influencing Factors of the By-product CHCl_3 Produced in the Electrochemical Sterilization Process

作　　者：贾成瑶 张飙 黄明清 

机构地区：[1]四川大学华西临床医学院医学检验系,成都610041 [2]成都市武侯区卫生防疫站

出　　处：《华西医科大学学报》2002年第2期244-246,249,共4页Journal of West China University of Medical Sciences

摘　　要：目的　了解电化学杀菌过程中副产物三氯甲烷的生成因素。方法　取滤后水 (三层滤料快滤池后、投放液氯前 )分别以石墨、Ti(基 ) - Ti为电极 ,配制不同 SO42 - 和 Cl- 浓度的实验水样 ,调节不同槽电流密度 ,电解不同时间后 ,取样分析 ,考察在不同条件下 CHCl3 的产生情况。结果　采用 Ti(基 ) - Ti电极的间歇电解过程中产生的 CHCl3 比采用石墨电极时多 ,且电流密度越大 ,产生的 CHCl3 越多。加入微量电解质 Na2 SO4对 CHCl3 的产生量无显著影响 ;加入微量电解质 Na Cl,〔CHCl3 〕随〔Cl- 〕的增大而增大。结论　在饮用水电解杀菌时应采用石墨电极 ,电解时间不宜超过 10分钟 ,电流密度宜 1m A/ cm2 ,以使 CHCl3Objective To gain an understanding of the progressive course and influencing factors of the by-product CHCl 3 produced in the electrochemical sterilization process. Methods Taking filtering water, using graphite and Ti(matrix)-Ti as electrodes, adding different concentrations of SO 4 2- and Cl - in the filtering water, adjusting the electric current for analyzing sample in different times, and reviewing the production of CHCl 3 under different conditions. Results The quantity of CHCl 3 produced in the electrolysis using Ti (matrix)-Ti was greater than that using graphite. Besides, it was found that the more the current density increased, the more would be the production of CHCl 3.No significant difference in the quantity of CHCl 3 was seen after the addition of trace electrolyte Na 2SO 4; however, after the addition of trace electrolyte NaCl, 〔CHCl 3〕 increased with the increase of 〔Cl -〕. Conclusion The graphite electrode should be the best and choicest electrode for use in the electrochemical sterilization of drinking water; the time of electrolysis should not be more than 10 minutes; the appropriate current density current is 1mA/cm 2. These suggestions may conduce to minimizing the production of CHCl 3.

关 键 词：电化学消毒 电解质 三氯甲烷 饮用水 电化学法 生成因素 

分 类 号：R123.1[医药卫生—环境卫生学]