异源四倍体鲫鲤的受精细胞学  

CYTOLOGICAL STUDY ON FERTILIZATION OF ALLOTETRAPLOID HYBRIDS OF RED CRUCIAN CARP(♀) ×COMMON CARP(♂)

作　　者：李建中[1] 张轩杰[1] 刘少军[1] 冯浩[1] 刘筠[1] 

机构地区：[1]湖南师范大学生命科学学院,长沙410081

出　　处：《动物学报》2002年第2期233-239,共7页ACTA ZOOLOGICA SINICA

基　　金：国家"8 6 3"计划项目 (国科生字 1996 182 )~~

摘　　要：异源四倍体鲫鲤的成熟卵子处于第二次减数分裂中期 ,精子通过受精孔进入卵内。精子入卵以后 ,受精孔立即被受精塞堵住。受精后 8min ,受精卵出现明显的精子星光 ,同时进入第二次减数分裂后期 ,即将排出第二极体 ;13min时 ,精子头部开始膨胀 ,趋向核化 ;18min时 ,雌雄原核均已形成 ,并向胚盘中央靠近 ;2 3min时 ,雌、雄原核开始接触 ;33min时 ,雌、雄原核完全融合成为一个合子核 ;38min时 ,受精卵开始第一次卵裂 ,5 3min后分裂形成两个子核。该研究证明异源四倍体鲫鲤和大多数二倍体鱼一样 ,具有正常的受精细胞学程序 ,受精方式为单精受精。Serial sections of fertilized eggs were used to study the fertilization of the allotetraploid fish which was developed with hybridizing red crucian carp( Carassius auratus red variety,♀) with common carp( Cyprinus carpio L.,♂).The cytological behavior during the fertilization of the allotetraploid hybrid was depicted in detail in this paper. The fertilized eggs of the allotetraploid fish were fixed in Smith's solution and dehydrated by alcohol. Then the tissue sections were stained with hematoxylin and eosin. The thickness of the tissue sections was from 6 to 8 micrometers. Before the sperm entering the egg, the mature eggs of the allotetraploid fish remained at the metaphase of the secondary maturation division. At this stage, a funnel like depression could be seen nearby the animal pole on the chorion and at the bottom of the depression was located the micropylar canal where no micropylar cell was observed. The diameter of the outer opening of the micropylar canal was always bigger than the inner one. The number of diploid sperm penetrating into the egg was limited because of the narrow micropylar canal. In the fertilized eggs, as many as four sperms entering the micropyle were observed. The micropyle was blocked by the fertilization plug as soon as the sperm entered the egg. When the water temperature was between 18℃ and 20℃, the spermaster could be clearly seen and the second polar body was extruded about 8 minutes after insemination which showed that the egg was developing into the anaphase of the secondary maturation division. At 13 minutes after insemination, the sperm nucleus became vesicular nuclear. At 18 minutes after insemination, the male pronucleus was observed and the female pronucleus was formed at the same time. At 23 minutes after insemination, the male pronucleus and the female pronucleus moved toward the center of the blastodisk, then fused with each other. At about 33 minutes after insemination, the zygote nucleus was formed. At 38 minutes after insemination, the first cleava

关 键 词：异源四倍体鲫鲤 受精细胞学 二倍体卵子 二倍体精子 单精受精 

分 类 号：Q959.4[生物学—动物学]