珠江广州市段PFU原生动物群落特征及其与水质的关系  

PF Unit Protozoan Community Characteristics and the Relation with the Water Quality in the Guangzhou Reach of the Pearl River

作　　者：徐润林[1] 白庆笙[1] 谢瑞文 

机构地区：[1]中山大学生命科学学院,广州510275 [2]广州市环境科学研究所

出　　处：《生态学报》2002年第4期479-485,共7页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点资助项目 ( 39730 0 70 ) ;国家自然科学基金资助项目 ( 39770 1 4 4 ) ;淡水生态与生物技术国家重点实验室开放基金资助项目 ;教育部高校骨干教师资助项目

摘　　要：采用国家标准《水质微型生物群落监测—— PFU法》,对珠江广州市段的原生动物群落进行了群落组成和群集过程的研究。共观察到各类原生动物 2 0 3种。其中植物性鞭毛虫 4 4种 ;动物性鞭毛虫 6 4种 ;肉足虫 1 7种和 78种纤毛虫。分析了原生动物群落在该河段的组成特点 ,以及它们与水质变化的关系。结果显示 :原生动物群落特征的变化与水质变化相吻合 ,珠江在流经广州市区后 ,水质发生了明显地恶化 ,原生动物群落受到破坏 ;经过一个较长的流程 ,水质得到了一定程度的改善 ,原生动物群落也有所恢复。Using the national standard of China, “Water quality——microbial community biomonitoring——PFU method”, the protozoan community structures and their colonization procedures were investigated and the characteristics of PFU protozoan communities in the Guangzhou Reach of Pearl River were analyzed. Total 203 species of protozoa, including 44 phytoflagelates, 64 zooflagelates, 17 sarcodina and 78 ciliates, have been found during the investigation. Compared with the references, the features of protozoan communities in the Guangzhou Reach of Pearl River are: more zooflagelates, less phtoflagelates, and more ciliates and less sarcodina. The species compositions of PFU protozoan communities on different spots are disparity. Considered in the species composition, the most species number of PFU protozoan communities was found the spot of Dunjitou. On the hand, the species number from the spot of Liede was less. On the most spots, the PFU protozoan communities reached their the most values in the species numbers after 1 day exposed in the water, and then the species number decreased their species number with the exposed time increase. Compared with the data of water qualities, it has showed that the colonization speed on the spots with high water quality is lower, and it will take long time to reach the dynamitic balance in colonization, but on the spots with lower water qualities, especially in eutrophication, the community colonization speed was faster and will take shorter time to reach it. The results showed that the PFU protozoan community have been damaged in the structures and function with the water quality worsen, when the river passes through Guangzhou City. After a long distance, with the decrease of pollutant concentrations in the water and the self-purification of the ecosystem, the protozoan community has been restorated in.

关 键 词：珠江 PFU原生动物群落 水质 广州段 

分 类 号：X835[环境科学与工程—环境工程]