孵化温度对灰鼠蛇卵孵化期、孵化成功率和孵出幼体特征的影响  

Effects of Incubation Temperature on Duration of Incubation, Hatching Success, and Hatchling traits in The Gray Rat Snake, Ptyas korros (Colubridae)

作　　者：杜卫国[1] 计翔[1] 

机构地区：[1]杭州师范学院生命科学学院

出　　处：《生态学报》2002年第4期548-553,共6页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：浙江省自然科学基金青年人才专项基金资助项目 ;浙江省 1 5 1人才基金资助项目 ;杭州市跨世纪人才基金资助项目

摘　　要：用 4个恒定温度 ( 2 4～ 32℃ )孵化灰鼠蛇卵 ,检测温度对孵化期、孵化成功率和孵出幼体特征的影响。在 2 4～ 32℃范围内 ,孵化温度显著影响孵化期及孵出幼体的体长和剩余卵黄大小 ,但不影响孵化成功率和孵出幼体的性别、体重、躯干重和脂肪体重。 2 4、2 6、30和 32℃孵化期分别为 99.0、72 .2、5 4 .7和 4 8.7d。 2 4℃和 2 6℃孵出幼体的体长大于 30℃和 32℃孵出幼体 ;2 4℃和 32℃孵出幼体内的剩余卵黄较多。不同温度下发育的胚胎对卵内物质和能量的利用有一定的差异 ,但差异不显著。雌性幼体的体长、尾长和总长均大于雄性幼体 ,这些两性差异与孵化温度无关。孵出幼体和新生卵内容物灰分含量无显著差异 ,孵化前后卵壳灰分含量也无显著差异 ,表明灰鼠蛇的卵黄可提供胚胎发育所需的所有无机物。The gray rat snake, Ptyas korros (Colubridae), is a kind of popular oviparous snake in the southern provinces of China. Herein, we established an experimental protocol using the gray rate snake as the animal model to examine (1) influence of temperature on hatching success, hatching time, (2) influence of temperature on hatchling traits, (3) influence of temperature on embryonic use of energy and material. In early July 1999, we collected 11 gravid females from a private peddler at Jiande county, Zhejiang province, east China. The females were brought to our laboratory in Hangzhou Normal College, where they were randomly assigned 1～2 to a 50×50×50cm\+3 wire cage placed in an air-conditioned room at 28～30 ℃. Food (frogs) and water were provided libitum. The animals begin to lay eggs a few days after their arrival. Cages were checked for a minimum of six times daily for the presence of eggs so that eggs could be collected, weighed measured promptly. Throughout the reproductive season, A total of 74 freshly laid eggs were collected. We randomly selected one freshly laid egg, which were then dissected and separated into eggshell and egg contents (yolkembryo), from each of the clutches. The embryo was too small and fragile to be separated and therefore was included with the yolk. Egg contents were put into a pre-weighed dish and weighed. Eggshells were rinsed briefly in distilled water, dried by blotting with a paper towel and weighed. Egg contents and eggshells were then oven-dried to constant mass at 65 ℃ for a minimum of 24 h, weighed and stored frozen at -15 ℃ until they could be processed for determining composition. The remain eggs were put into plastic boxes contained moist vermiculite (-220kPa, dry vermiculite : water = 1:1). The boxes were then placed into the incubators whose temperature was set at 24, 26, 30 and 32 ℃, respectively. As soon as possible, eggs from each clutch were equally assigned into the containers at the four above-mentioned temperatures so a

关 键 词：孵化温度 灰鼠蛇卵 孵化期 孵化成功率 幼体特征 游蛇科 

分 类 号：Q959.6[生物学—动物学]