锦鲤4个人工雌核发育家系的微卫星标记研究  

Studies on Microsatellite Markers of Four Artificially Gynogenetic Families in Ornamental Carp

作　　者：刘静霞[1] 周莉[2] 赵振山[1] 桂建芳[2] 

机构地区：[1]华中农业大学水产学院,湖北武汉430072 [2]中国科学院水生生物研究所淡水生态与生物技术国家重点实验室,湖北武汉430072

出　　处：《Zoological Research》2002年第2期97-105,共9页动物学研究（英文）

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目 ( 39870 430 ;3982 30 0 3) ;中国科学院知识创新工程 (KSCX2 -1-0 5 ) ;欧盟资助项目 (Con tractNo ICA4-CT -2 0 0 1-10 0 2 4) ;武汉市科技攻关项目

摘　　要：利用Crooijmansetal (1997)分离的包含CA重复单元的普通鲤鱼 (CyprinuscarpioL .)的 8个微卫星DNA标记 ,对从锦鲤 (CyprinuscarpioL .)的红白、大正和昭和 3个不同品系中所获得的 4个不同人工雌核发育家系的 2 0尾个体进行PCR扩增。电泳结果表明 ,8对引物在 2 0尾个体中均能重复稳定地扩增出相应的同源序列。随引物不同 ,各等位基因数为 1～ 11个 ,大小在 6 8～ 2 6 4bp。在MFW 4、MFW7、MFW 19、MFW 2 0、MFW 2 3和MFW 2 4　 6个微卫星的扩增结果中 ,2 0尾个体的扩增图谱呈现了高度的遗传多态性 ,不同雌核发育家系内个体的遗传异质性也较大。其中大正 (TaS)和红白 1(RW1)的个体不仅花色分化显著 ,而且个体间的平均遗传距离分别高达 0 2 8。通过对微卫星等位基因和基因型分析发现 ,由于锦鲤品系中的每一个体是通过不断地杂交选育而获得 ,基因组来源复杂 ,基因高度杂合。因此 ,只进行 1代的人工雌核发育 ,其家系内仅部分个体的部分座位出现纯合。所获得的人工雌核发育锦鲤为后续的色素遗传调控机制研究提供了必要的实验材料 ;同时 ,所鉴定的微卫星分子标记为进行锦鲤的分子标记育种和基因组作图提供了理想的工具。Using 8 microsatellite markers of the poly (CA) type isolated from common carp by Crooijmans et al (1997),we analyzed four artificially gynogenetic families of ornamental carp ( Cyprinus carpio L.).In the four gynogenetic families,two originated from Kohaku strain,other two from Taisho and Showa respectively. Five individuals were randomly sampled from each artificially gynogenetic family.Electrophoretic patterns showed that the 8 pairs of microsatellite primers all reproducibly produced the well identifiable and homologous DNA fragments.The number of alleles per marker varied from 1 to 11,and the size of alleles ranged from 68?bp to 264?bp. Abundant polymorphic DNA fragments among 20 individuals were observed in electrophoretic patterns produced by primers MFW4,MFW7,MFW19,MFW20,MFW23 and MFW24.The genetic polymorphism were observed between gynogenetic families and within intra family individuals.The phenotypes of individuals of TaS and RW 1 differed from each other,and the average distances among TaS or RW 1 were 0 28. The analysis of alleles and genotypes revealed higher genetic diversity among individuals of the gynogenetic families.It suggested that each color strain of ornamental carp was selected through consistent hybridization between strains and the genomes of them are highly hybrid,so it can't produce pure lines only through one generation gynogenesis.The four artificially gynogenetic families produced in this study will offer necessary samples for further studying on genetic mechanism of body color types in ornamental carp,and the microsatellite markers will provide useful tools for marker assisted selection breeding or gene map of ornamental carp.

关 键 词：锦鲤 人工雌核发育 多态性 微卫星标记 

分 类 号：Q959.468[生物学—动物学] S965.8[农业科学—水产养殖]