下呼吸道感染致病菌的分布及对抗生素的耐药性分析  

Distribution and resistance of pathogens isolated from patients with lower respiratory tract infection

作　　者：钱东华[1] 杜文波[2] 郑辉[3] 

机构地区：[1]吉林大学第一医院呼吸内科,吉林长春130021 [2]吉林大学第一医院检验科 [3]榆树市医院内科

出　　处：《吉林大学学报（医学版）》2002年第2期182-184,共3页Journal of Jilin University：Medicine Edition

摘　　要：目的 :了解长春地区下呼吸道感染者细菌分布及耐药情况。方法 :采用普通痰细菌培养法及药敏法测定细菌分布及细菌耐药性。结果 :细菌阳性分离率 2 6.5 % ;革兰阴性 ( G-)杆菌占首位( 72 .5 % ) ,其中克雷伯杆菌、铜绿假单胞菌、大肠埃希菌、不动杆菌、肠杆菌为优势菌 ;革兰阳性( G+ )球菌占第 2位 ( 2 2 .9% ) ,其中链球菌、表皮葡萄球菌、金黄色葡萄球菌为优势菌。大部分 G-杆菌对亚胺培南、氟喹诺酮类、头孢霉素三代及丁胺卡那霉素有较好的敏感性 ;G+球菌对头孢霉素二代、头孢霉素三代、万古霉素及亚胺培南较敏感。结论 :长春地区下呼吸道感染患者感染细菌以 G-杆菌占首位。亚胺培南、丁胺卡那霉素、头孢他啶及头孢哌酮在 G-杆菌中抗菌活性最强。万古霉素、亚胺培南对 G+Objective: To investigate the distribution and resistance of pathogens causing lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI) in Changchun area. Methods: Sputum culture was followed by drug susceptibility test. Results: The postive isolation rate of bacteria was 26.5% (503/1 869) in which G - bacilli was major, took up 72.5% (365/503). According positive rate of them K. lebsiella , P. aeruginosa E. coli , A. cinetobacterl and Enterobacter in order were predominant, respectively; G + cocci was second (22.9%, 115/503) . Among them, Streptococcus , S. epidermidis S. aureus are predominant, respectively. The majority of G - bacilli showed lower resistant rate in comparison with imipenem, quinolones,the third generation of cephalosporins and tobramycin. G + cocci had lower resistant rate in comparison with the second and third generation of cephalosporins, vacomycin and imipenem. Conclusion: G - bacilli is the predominant in LRTI . Imipenem, tobramycin, ceftazidime and cefoperazone are the most effective to G - bacter, while the vacomycin and imipenem are the most effective to G + bacteria.

关 键 词：下呼吸道感染 病原菌 耐药性 抗生素 

分 类 号：R56[医药卫生—呼吸系统] R978.1[医药卫生—内科学]