不同牧压梯度下植物群落特性的比较  

Comparison of plant community characteristics under different gradients of grazing intensity

作　　者：宝音陶格涛[1] 李艳梅[1] 杨持[1] 

机构地区：[1]内蒙古大学自然资源研究所,内蒙古呼和浩特010021

出　　处：《草业科学》2002年第2期13-15,共3页Pratacultural Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(39760020)

摘　　要：用主分量分析法(PCA)分析了羊草草原退化系列上群落的分类及其群落特征,结果表明:所选择的退化系列可划分为无放牧、轻度放牧、中度放牧和重度放牧四个群落退化阶段。主要种群对放牧退化阶段划分作用大小的相关性分析表明,羊草和大针茅与牧压的增加呈负相关,冷蒿和菊叶萎陵菜则与牧压的增加呈正相关。多样性指数大小为轻度放牧>无放牧>中度放牧>重度放牧;均匀性指数的变化趋势与多样性指数的变化相同,即轻度放牧>无放牧;均匀性指数的变化趋势与多样性指数的变化相同,即轻度放牧>无放牧>中度放牧>重度放牧。各退化阶段群落类型为:无放牧时为羊草+冰草+丛生禾草群落;轻度放牧时为羊草+大针茅+冷蒿+丛生禾草群落;中度放牧时为羊草+冷蒿+隐子草+丛生禾草群落;重度放牧时为冷蒿+隐子草+小丛生禾草群落。Plant community characteristics and their classification on the deteriorated series of Leymus chinensis steppe analyzed by PCA method. The results indicated that: (1). the deteriorated series could be classified into four community types, i.e.: No-grazing, Light-grazing, Middle-grazing and Heavy-grazing; (2). Increase of grazing intensity had a negative correlation with L. chinensis and Stipa grandis and a positive correlation with Artemisia frigida and Potentilla tanacetiflora; (3). Both the diversity index and the evenness index were as same trend of Light-grazing > No-grazing > Middle-grazing > Heavy-grazing; (4). In different deteriorated series, the community types were L. chinensis + Agropyron michnoi + clustered grasses when No-grazing, L. chinensis + S. grandis + A. frigida + clustered grasses when Light-grazing, L. chinensis + A. frigida + Cleistogenes squarrosa + clustered grasses when Middle-grazing and A. frigida + C. squarrosa + small clustered grasses when Heavy-grazing.

关 键 词：退化系列 群落特征 羊草草原 牧压梯度 植物 主分量分析法 负相关 

分 类 号：Q948.15[生物学—植物学]