水稻不同穗型品种穗颈节间组织与籽粒充实特性的研究  

The Characteristics of the Tissues of the First Internode and Their Relations to the Grain-filling for the Different Panicle Types of Rice

作　　者：马均[1] 马文波[1] 周开达[1] 汪旭东[1] 田彦华[1] 明东风[1] 许凤英[1] 

机构地区：[1]四川农业大学水稻研究所,四川温江611130

出　　处：《作物学报》2002年第2期215-220,共6页Acta Agronomica Sinica

基　　金：总理基金项目 ; 四川省教育厅重点项目 (99-0 8-2 6) ;四川省人才培养基金项目 (98-12 -2 2 )

摘　　要：本文用 7个不同穗型的中稻品种 ,研究了重穗型、中穗型、轻穗型品种的穗颈节间组织特性及其与籽粒充实的关系。结果表明 :穗颈节间维管束数目 ,维管束、韧皮部面积 ,茎横切面、茎壁、髓腔面积 ,均是重穗型 >中穗型 >轻穗型品种。穗颈节间输导组织特征与空壳率的大小无关 ,但它是籽粒充实的重要前提和解剖学基础。穗颈节间茎的粗度、茎壁的厚度与维管束数目、维管束面积、韧皮部面积、每穗总库容量、单穗重呈极显著或显著正相关 ,茎壁面积与茎横切面面积之比与籽粒充实率呈极显著正相关。此外 ,还讨论了与此有关的育种。Seven middle season rice varieties were used to study the characteristics of the tissues of the first internode and their relations to the grain filling for the different panicle types of rice. The results showed that the number of vascular bundle, the area of vascular bundle, phloem, xylem, cross section of stem, culm wall and plth in the first internode of heavy panicle type were larger than those of medium panicle type and the latter were larger than those of light panicle type. The significant correlation were among the number of vascular bundle of the first internode, grain weight per panicle, grain weight increasing rate,fertilized grain percentage, and the area of phloem. The characteristics of the tissues of the first internode were not related to the empty grain percentage, but played an important role to the grain filling and were a basic structural factor to good grain filling. The number of vascular bundle, the area of vascular bundle and phloem, total sink capacity per panicle, grain weight per panicle had significant positive correlation to the area of cross section of culm and culm wall of the first internode. The ratio of the area of culm wall to cross section of culm had significant positive correlation to grain filling percentage. Some suggestions related to the rice breeding and cultivation of high yielding were also discussed.

关 键 词：水稻 穗型 穗颈节间组织 籽粒充实特性 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学]