普通小麦、斯卑尔脱小麦、密穗小麦和轮回选择后代材料ISSR分子标记遗传差异研究  

Genetic Diversity Revealed by ISSR Molecular Marker in Common Wheat, Spelt, Compactum and Progeny of Recurrent Selection

作　　者：杜金昆[1] 姚颖垠[1] 倪中福[1] 彭惠茹[1] 孙其信[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学植物遗传育种系,北京100094

出　　处：《Acta Genetica Sinica》2002年第5期445-452,共8页

基　　金：国家"8 63"计划项目 (2 0 0 1AA2 410 42 );北京市自然科学基金重点项目 (5 9910 0 1)资助 ~~

摘　　要：首次采用ISSR(Inter SimpleSequenceRepeat)分子标记 ,对我国北方冬麦区普通小麦 (14份 )、斯卑尔脱小麦 (10份 )、密穗小麦 (11份 )和一批以外源小麦为主要血缘的优良轮回选择后代 (12份 )共 4 7份材料进行了遗传差异研究 ,以探讨拓宽杂交小麦育种亲本遗传基础的途径 ,并分析利用ISSR分子标记构建小麦杂种优势群的可行性。所用 11个ISSR引物在 4 7份材料中共扩增出 2 38条带 ,其中 2 0 8条具有多态性 ,占总数的 87.4 %。每个引物可以扩增出 11～ 38条多态性带 ,平均为 18.8条。比较分析发现 ,不同类型材料群体内的ISSR多态性都很高 ,其中以普通小麦最高 (80 .3% ) ,轮回选择后代次之 (78.7% ) ,斯卑尔脱小麦 (75 .0 % )和密穗小麦 (74 .9% )相对较小。遗传距离(GD)计算结果表明 ,不同类型材料群体间的平均遗传距离在 0 .3115～ 0 .344 2之间 ,明显高于不同类型材料群体内的GD平均值 (0 .2 35 1～ 0 .2 74 3) ,特别是轮回选择后代材料与普通小麦、斯卑尔脱小麦和密穗小麦之间也具有较大的遗传差异 ,平均遗传距离分别为 0 .32 17、0 .32 5 6和 0 .3198。聚类结果显示 ,普通小麦、斯卑尔脱小麦、密穗小麦和轮回选择后代材料明显划分为 4大不同类群。斯卑尔脱小麦、密穗小麦及以外源小麦 (含国内 )It is important to estimate the genetic diversity between the parents for improving the heterosis of hybrid wheat. In this study, ISSR(inter simple sequence repeat) marker was used to measure the genetic diversity within and among common wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.), spelt ( Triticum spelta L.), compactum (Triticum compactum Host.) and progeny of foreign wheat based recurrent selection, and the possibility of establishing the new heterotic group was also assessed. Forty seven genotypes were used for ISSR analysis, which included 14 common wheat, 10 spelt wheat, 11 compactum and 12 progeny of recurrent selection. Eleven of 33 ISSR primers that can produce distinguishable bands were selected for PCR amplification. A total of 238 bands were amplified, among which 207 (87%) bands were polymorphic. The polymorphic bands amplified by each primer ranged from 11 to 38, with an averaged of 18.8. The percentage of polymorphic band (80.3%) in common wheat was higher than that in progeny of recurrent selection (78.7%), spelt (75.0%) and compactum (74.9%). The 238 polymorphic products were used to calculate Nei's similarity index ( GS ) and the genetic distance ( GD ). It was found that the mean genetic distance between different wheat types (0.3115～0.3442) was obviously higher than that within common wheat (0.2743), spelt (0.2351), compactum (0.2622) . In addition, progeny of recurrent selection also showed much higher genetic distance with other three wheat types (0.3217, 0.3256, 0.3198). The cluster analysis was performed based on the genetic distance ( GD ) matrix by using UPGMA method. Common wheat, spelt, compactum and progeny of recurrent selection were classified into four different groups. In this study, ISSR marker was firstly used to assess genetic diversity among common wheat, spelt, compactum and progeny of recurrent selection, and can differentiate the wheat cultivars (lines) that selected from the same cross combination. It was concluded that spelt, compactum and p

关 键 词：普通小麦 斯卑尔脱小麦 密穗小麦 轮回选择后代 ISSR分子标记 遗传差异 杂种优势群 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学]