直接甲醇燃料电池性能研究  

Performance study on direct methanol fuel cell

作　　者：李建玲[1] 毛宗强[1] 徐景明[1] 

机构地区：[1]清华大学核能技术设计研究院,北京100084

出　　处：《电池》2002年第2期72-74,共3页Battery Bimonthly

基　　金：国家重点基础理论研究规划项目 (即 973计划项目 )资助 (G2 0 0 0 0 2 64 10 )

摘　　要：研究了聚合物电解质膜直接甲醇燃料电池性能。 2 0 %Pt -10 %Ru/C和 2 0 %Pt/C分别作为甲醇氧化和氧还原催化剂。通过改变甲醇阳极催化层中Nafion与PTFE的含量研究了电池的电流 -电压特性。结果表明 ,催化层中Nafion含量的影响对电池性能至关重要 ,而PTFE的影响则较小。研究得出催化层中Nafion的最佳含量为 7%。通过在电极表面刷一层Nafion溶液 ,明显提高了电池性能。在低Pt载量条件下 ,即阳极Pt含量 0 .6mg/cm2 ,阴极Pt含量 1.1mg/cm2 ,阴极空气近大气压条件下 ,t =60℃ ,甲醇浓度 1mol/L时 ,单电池开路电压为 0 .6V左右 ,0 .4V时电流密度为 3 0mA/cm2 ,0 .2V时电流密度为 10 6mA/cm2 。甲醇阳极催化层表面的扫描电镜 (SEM )观察表明催化层中Nafion含量不同 ,电极结构不同。The performance of a direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC) was investigated. 20%Pt-10%Ru/C and 20%Pt/C catalysts were used for methanol oxidation and oxygen reduction. I V characteristics of the fuel cell were studied by changing the Nafion and PTFE loadings in methanol anode catalyzed layer. The results showed that effects of Nafion loading were more important to the performance of the fuel cell than that of PTFE. The optimum Nafion loading was 7%. Based on this, MEA performance was improved significantly by brushing Nafion solution on the electrode surface.The open circuit voltage of the single cell was 0.60V and it could sustain a load current density of 30 mA/cm 2 with an output voltage of 0.4V and 106 mA/cm 2 with an output voltage of 0.2V at 60℃ with 1mol/L liquid methanol and air fed cathode at near ambient pressure with a low anode catalyst loading of 0.6 mg/cm 2 of Pt and a low cathode catalyst loading of 1.1mg/cm 2 of Pt.

关 键 词：直接甲醇燃料电池 膜电极 阳极催化层 电化学性能 

分 类 号：TM911.4[电气工程—电力电子与电力传动]