菟丝子致死薇甘菊  

MIKANIA MICRANTHA WAS DESTROYED BY PARASITIC WEED DODDER, CUSCUTA CHINENSIS, IN GUANGDONG

作　　者：韩诗畴[1] 李开煌[1] 罗莉芬[1] 刘文惠[1] 陈巧贤[1] 彭统序[1] 李丽英[1] 

机构地区：[1]广东省昆虫研究所,广州新港西路105号510260

出　　处：《昆虫天敌》2002年第1期7-14,共8页Natural Enemies of Insects

基　　金：广东省科技厅重点攻关百项工程项目(2KB068015);广东省林业厅科技重点攻关项目(2000-01);深圳市科技局科研项目(2000-1015)

摘　　要：薇甘菊Ｍｉｋａｎｉａｍｉｃｒａｎｔｈａ是入侵的害草,已经由珠江三角洲扩散到粤东、粤西沿海地区,以及部分山区。在薇甘菊的天敌调查中看到菟丝子寄生于薇甘菊,严重时可以把薇甘菊致死。我们在本所的实验园中栽种薇甘菊,并让其被菟丝子ＣｕｓｃｕｔａｃｈｉｎｅｎｓｉｓＬａｍ．寄生,结果证实菟丝子在两个月左右,完全可以抑制薇甘菊的生长,最终把蔽甘菊致死。这可能是以草治草的一种新途径。但是菟丝子也是我国农作物的一种重要杂草,如何利用菟丝子控制薇甘菊的为害,而又不使菟丝子对薇甘菊的伴生植物和其它农作物造成为害,是下一步要解决的问题。菟丝子致死薇甘菊的机理更需要深入研究。Because Mikania micrantha grows very fast and is difficult to be controlled, it has become one of the world's most dangerous weed. In the nature we found that the weed dodder, Cus-cuta chinensis could parasitize Mikania micrantha, and destroy it in Shan-wei, Dong-guan and other places of Guangdong Province.A trial has been conducted in Guangdong Entomological Institute. Seeding dodder in the growing well M. micrantha plot, the dodder parasitized the host plant very soon, developing small thread-like shoots. Shoot moved slowly in a circular pattern as it grew until it touched host plant upon contact with haustoria. Dodder's water, minerals and nutrients are obtained from the host through haustoria that penetrated the host's tissue. After parasitized 40 ~ 50 days, M. micrantha died.Dodder also is a weed in China and in the World. It parasitize various kinds of wild and cultivated plants such as soybean, potatos, alfalfa, sunflower. In China 8 species are native. It can be controlled by bioherbicide (Lubao Ⅱ ) . Using dodder to control M. micrantha may be a new test even there are some difficulties to be solved in the near future.

关 键 词：薇甘菊 菟丝子 以草治草 杂草 天敌 生物控制 

分 类 号：S451.1[农业科学—植物保护]