荔枝、龙眼园使用机油乳剂的安全性及其对荔枝蒂蛀虫的防治研究  

THE SAFETY OF LITCHI AND LONGAN TREES SPRAYED WITH PETROLEUMSPRAY OIL AND ITS CONTROL EFFECTS AGAINSTCONOPOMORPHA SINENSIS BRADLEY

作　　者：杨平[1] 熊锦君[1] 刘德广[1] 黄明度[1] 

机构地区：[1]广东省昆虫研究所,广州510260

出　　处：《昆虫天敌》2002年第1期26-31,共6页Natural Enemies of Insects

摘　　要：利用机油乳剂对果树进行安全性和防治荔枝蒂蛀虫ＣｏｎｏｐｏｍｏｒｐｈａｓｉｎｅｎｓｉｓＢｒａｄｌｅｙ研究试验,结果表明,喷施机油乳剂后荔枝和龙眼的落果率与对照树无差异。喷清水的对照树其蒂蛀虫蛀果率比喷机油乳剂的处理树高,分别为１５０、 ２００和２５０倍机油乳剂处理的２．８、３．０和２．７倍。在荔枝、龙眼园应用机油乳剂防治害虫不会导致落叶、落果、畸形叶和畸形果,也不会延缓果实的生长和成熟及降低单果重,而有利于控制介壳虫、螨类、蛀果类等害虫。机油乳剂可替代广谱性化学农药的使用,减少化学农药的污染,有利于果园天敌的生存、繁殖,提高生物多样性,改善果园生态环境。From April to July 2001, experiments on the effects of petroleum spray oil on litchi and longan trees were conducted. This study demonstrated that oils at concentrations of 0.4% and 0.5% caused less fruit drop on litchi than water treatment. Oils didn't increase litchi flush leaf drop. Percentage of insect-infested ( Conopomorpha sinensis Bradley) litchi fruit in oil treatments at concentrations of 0.67 %, 0.5%, and 0.4% decreased respectively by 26 % , 28 % and 27 % than control. Application of oil does not cause leaf and fruit drop, or affect fruit and tree development. Oil can control pests such as scales and mites, decrease damages from fruit borer, and improve fruit quality as a result. In addition , petroleum spray oil can decrease the use of broad-spectrum pesticides, so that bio-diversity and ecological conditions in orchards can be improved.

关 键 词：荔枝 龙眼 荔枝蒂蛀虫 机油乳剂 害虫防治 药害 安全性 

分 类 号：S436.67[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治] S482.39[农业科学—植物保护]