纤维颜色作为指示性状的三系杂交棉制种技术  

Utilization of fiber color as indication trait for cotton hybrid seed between cytoplasmic male sterile line and restorer line

作　　者：赵向前[1] 王学德[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江大学农学系,浙江杭州310029

出　　处：《浙江大学学报（农业与生命科学版）》2002年第2期123-126,共4页Journal of Zhejiang University:Agriculture and Life Sciences

基　　金：国家高技术研究发展计划 ("86 3"计划2 0 0 1AA2 12 0 81);国家转基因植物研究与产业化专项 (J0 0 - B- 0 0 2 - 10 );国家教育部科学技术研究基金 (重大 0 114 )资助项目

摘　　要：以彩色棉纤维的颜色作为指示性状 ,在三系杂交棉的制种田 ,将带有指示性状的棕色棉恢复系或绿色棉恢复系按 1∶ 2的比例与白色棉不育系混合种植 (混播制种方式 ) ,缩短蜜蜂等媒介在不育系棉株与恢复系棉株花朵间的传粉距离 ,利用天然媒介传粉提高杂交种子产量 .试验以常规的条播制种方式为对照 ,发现混播制种方式可有效地提高不育系的结铃率和降低其棉铃的不孕籽率 ,制种产量比对照增加 14 %以上 .这种混播制种方式 ,只要在棉花采收时 ,分收不同颜色籽棉就可区分杂交与自交的种子 ,如棕色不育系与白色恢复系的制种田中 ,棕色纤维种子即为杂交种子 ,白色纤维种子即为恢复系自交种子 .因此 ,通过培育彩色棉雄性不育系或恢复系 ,利用其纤维颜色作为指示性状 ,采用混播制种方式可提高制种产量 。Cotton fiber color used as an indication trait for the hybrid seed production was transferred into cytoplasmic male sterile line or its restorer in upland cotton. Mixed seeds made up from sterile line and restorer seeds in the ratio 2∶1, such as 2 brown and 1 white fuzz, were sowed in a field to produce hybrid seeds. This sow method was called in the paper mixed sowing fashion in contrast with row sowing fashion that sterile line and restorer seeds were separately sowed. The mixed sowing fashion could shorten the space distance of honeybee visiting flowers between restorer and sterile plants, and increase pollen amount on a sterile plant stigma. Finally, higher yield of hybrid seed could be obtained by more than 14% over check, due to higher rate of effective boll and lower rate of aborted seed of sterile plants in the mixed sowing fashion. During cotton harvest, hybrid seed cotton can be easy picked out according to fiber color of male sterile plants which is different from restorer plants. For example, if sterile line and restorer cotton is indicated by brown and white fiber trait respectively, seeds with brown fuzz are hybrid seeds, others inbred seeds. It is feasible to utilize the fiber color as indication trait for hybrid seed production by breeding cytoplasmic male sterile line and its restorer with different fiber color trait, especially in application of colored cotton heterosis.

关 键 词：彩色棉 指示性状 制种技术 纤维颜色 混合种植 杂交 生产 

分 类 号：S562.03[农业科学—作物学]