拮抗链霉菌S-5对棉花病害的防治作用  

Effects of Streptomyces Strain S-5 on Control of Cotton Root and Seedling Diseases

作　　者：张克诚[1] 李研学 贾恩宽 林德忻[1] 张福锁[4] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院植物保护研究所,北京100094 [2]朝阳市植保站,辽宁122000 [3]郓城县植保站,山东274600 [4]中国农业大学植物营养系,北京100094

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2002年第2期26-29,共4页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：辽宁省自然科学基金资助项目 (1998~ 2 0 0 0年 )

摘　　要：通过室内和田间试验测定了从小麦根际筛选的一株链霉菌 (Streptomycesspp .)S - 5对棉花苗期病害根腐病、红腐病、炭疽病和棉花枯、黄萎病菌的防病效果。抑菌作用测定结果表明 ,链霉菌S - 5具有广谱抑菌作用 ,对棉花枯黄萎病菌抑菌作用明显。生物测定 ,链霉菌S - 5促进棉花幼苗生长 ,降低枯黄萎病的发病率。在自然发病的棉田 ,链霉菌S - 5拌种 ,对棉花苗期的防治效果为 6 5 5 % ,明显高于多菌灵的防效 4 0 %。不同使用量 ,防病差别明显。使用量 37 5kg/hm2 穴施 ,对棉花枯、黄萎病的防病效果分别为 81 80 %和 10 0 %。The effects of streptomyces strain (Streptomyces spp )S-5 on the control of cotton root and seedling diseases were evaluated in vitro and in the greenhouse and field experiments The results indicated that the antibiotic compound produced by strain S-5 played the main role in suppression of the fusarium and verticillium wilt In greenhouse test Stain S-5 reduced percentage of diseased plants of fusarium and verticillium wilt about 24% and 15% respectively The cotton growth and seedling height were improved significantly On the field trial the biological agent of streptomyces S-5 were introduced by adding to seeds and seedling ditch, its controling effects on cotton seedling diseases were 65 5%, significantly better than those of chemical fungicide(40%) On the verticillium and fusarium wilt were 81 80% and 100% respectively with the antagonistic agent of 37 5 kg/hm 2 Those results provide a experimental basis on improving application of streptomyces strains to control cotton soil-borne diseases and probing the mechanism of S-5 in suppression of soil-borne pathogens.

关 键 词：S-5 棉花病害 链霉菌 生物防治 抗生素 棉花苗期病害 棉花枯萎病 棉花黄萎病 

分 类 号：S435.621.2[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]