超大型Ni-Cu(Pt)岩浆矿床的划分与找矿  

DIVIDING AND PROSPECTING FOR SUPER - LARGE SCALE Ni - Cu(Pt) MAGMATIC SULFIDE DEPOSITS

作　　者：汤中立 

机构地区：[1]甘肃省地质矿产勘查局,兰州730000

出　　处：《地质与勘探》2002年第3期1-7,共7页Geology and Exploration

摘　　要：提出超大型Ni－Cu(Pt)岩浆硫化物矿床的划分标准为:Ni储量≥50万t,Ni品位≥1%,若Ni品位＜l%其中共生元素 Cu或 Pt族达到经济品位者;超巨型矿床的划分标准为:Ni储量≥500万t,Ni品位≥1%,若Ni品位＜l%其中共生元素Cu或Pt族达到经济品位者。按照这种标准全世界有超大型矿床9个、超巨型矿床3个。确定并论述了超大(巨)型 Ni－Cu(Pt)岩浆硫化物矿床的五种类型和它们的地质定位条件和特征。这五种类型为(1)元古宙与古陨石坑有关的苏长岩——辉长岩型矿床,如萨德伯里(Sudbury);(2)元古宙与大陆边缘裂解有关的小侵入体矿床,如金川、沃依塞湾(Voisey Bay);(3)显生宙与大陆裂谷有关的相当于溢流玄武岩的侵入体矿床,如诺里尔斯克(Noril’sk)、十月(Oktyabri’skiy)、塔尔纳赫(Talnakh)、太梅尔(Tamyr)等;(4)太古宙绿岩带与科马提岩有关的矿床,如西澳阿格纽(Agnew)、康巴尔达(Kconbal－da)、基斯山(Mt．Keith),加拿大汤普逊(Thompson)带的矿床;(5)早元古代大陆层状侵入杂岩体中硫化物与铂族元素,如布什维尔德(Bushveld)等。预测中国最有找矿前景的是(2)类型矿床,(3)(4)两种类型在我国亦具有形成超大型矿床的地质条件。The classification of world scale Ni - Cu(Pt) magmatic sulfide deposit can he defined as fllows. Super - large scale deposit: metallic Nireserve≥500000 and Ni grade ≥ l %,or Ni grade < l % but the grade of coexisting Cu or PGE reaches economic grade; Super - huge scale deposit:metallic Ni reserve≥ 5000000 t, Ni grade≥l %,or Ni grade < l % but the grade of coexisting Cu or PGE reaches economic grade. Based on this classifi-eation, 9 super - large scale and 3 super - huge scale Ni - Cu (Pt ) magmatic su1fide deposits can be identified present1y in the world. Five types of super- large scale and super - huge scale Ni - Cu (Pt) magmatic sulfide deposits are defined and their positioning geological conditions and features are ex-pounded. The five types include: (l ) Proterozoic norite - gabbro type deposits associated with paleo - meteorite crater like Sudbury deposit; (2 ) Post -Proterozoic small intrusive type deposits associated with continental marginal rifting like Jinchuan and Voisey's Bay deposits; (3 ) Phanerozoic flood basalt- equivalent intrusive type deposits associated with continental rift, such as Noril 'sk, Oktyabri'skiy, Talnakh, Tamyr deposits; (4 ) Komatiite - associat-ed type deposils in Archean greenstone be1t, such as Western Australian Agnew, Kambalda, Mt. Keith, Canadian Thompson deposits, and (5) Sulfideand PGE type deposits in the layered intrusive complex of early Proterozoic continent, such as Bushveld deposit. It can be forecasted that the type (2 ) de-posit is of most potential perspective in prospecting in China, and there also exist geological conditions and factors for forming type (3 ) and type (4 ) de-posits in China.

关 键 词：岩浆硫化物矿床 找矿方向 镍-铜矿床 镍-铂矿床 找矿前景 成矿作用 

分 类 号：P618.63[天文地球—矿床学] P618.41[天文地球—地质学]