儿童感觉统合失调的随访研究  

A follow-up study of sensory integrative dysfunction in children

作　　者：黄悦勤[1] 李旭东[1] 王玉凤[2] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学公共卫生学院预防医学教研室,100083 [2]北京大学精神卫生研究所

出　　处：《中华儿科杂志》2002年第5期260-262,共3页Chinese Journal of Pediatrics

基　　金：国家攀登计划项目 (95 专 0 9)

摘　　要：目的　通过 6年追踪调查 ,观察儿童感觉统合失调的动态变化 ,为早期干预提供科学依据。方法　用自评问卷儿童生活环境调查表、感觉统合诊断表、Achenbach儿童行为量表分别于 1993年和 1999年调查 310名儿童。结果　本组感觉统合失调累积发生率为 33 6 % ,其中男童为 39 1% ,女童为 2 6 7% ,性别差异有显著性 (χ2 =3 84 5 ,P <0 0 5 )。各因子失调累积发生率为 10 0 %～ 17 0 %。感觉统合失调 6年自愈率为 4 8 3% ,其中男童自愈率为 4 8 5 % ,女童为 4 8 2 % ,性别差异无显著性(χ2 =0 0 0 1,P >0 0 5 )。本体感失调自愈率为 6 9 7% ;触觉防御失调自愈率为 81 6 % ;前庭平衡失调自愈率为 72 0 %。 2 89名儿童各年龄组感觉统合失调累积发生率和自愈率差异无显著性 (P均 >0 0 5 )。 15 5名儿童 6年后行为问题累积发生率为 9 4 % ,其中男童为 12 5 % ,女童为 6 1% ,性别差异无显著性 (χ2 =1 6 73,P >0 0 5 )。学龄前有行为问题儿童的自愈率为 70 6 %。结论　男童的感觉统合失调较女童严重 ;感觉统合功能失调有自愈趋势 ;Objective To evaluate the dynamic change of sensory integrative dysfunction (SID) in children and its nature in a 6 year period, to explore the causes and risk factors of SID, and to provide scientific evidence for early intervention for SID. Method Three self report questionnaires, general information questionnaire, sensory integrative diagnostic questionnaire and Achenbach′s child behavior checklist were studied in 310 children from 1993 through 1999. Results Two hundred and eighty nine children aged 3-6 years were followed during a 6 year period. The results showed that among 229 children without SID, the cumulative incidence rate of SID was 33.6%. The rate was significantly higher in boys (39.1%) as compared with girls (26 7%,χ 2=3 845, P <0.05).The cumulative incidence rate of somatosensory dysfunction was 15.7%, tactile perception dysfunction was 10.0%, vestibule balance dysfunction was 17.0%, study ability dysfunction was 11 4%, and operational ability dysfunction was 14.0%. There were significantly differences in the cumulative incidence rates of vestibule balance dysfunction and operational ability dysfunction between boys and girls. Among 60 children with SID, the self recovery rate of SID was 48 3% The rate was 48 5% in boys and 48 2% in girls(χ 2=0 001, P >0 05). The self recovery rate of somatosensory dysfunction was 69 7%, tactile perception dysfunction was 81 6%, and vestibule balance dysfunction was 72 0%. Among 229 children without SID, no significant differences in incidences of SID were found, except 4 and 5 year age group. Among 60 children with SID, no age difference on self recovery was found. Among 155 children without behavior problems, the cumulative incidence rate of behavioral problems was 9.4%. There were no statistical differences in the rates between boys (12 5%) and girls (6 1%, χ 2=1 673, P >0 05). In children with behavioral problems, the rate of self recovery was 70 6%. Conclusion SID is more common in boys than in girls, indicati

关 键 词：感觉统合失调 感觉减退 发生率 随访 儿童 神经系统 

分 类 号：R195.4[医药卫生—卫生统计学]