中国和西方化石人头骨面部三项非测量性状的比较  

THE COMPARISONS OF THREE NON-METRICAL TRAITS ON GROUPS OF HUMAN FOSSIL SKULLS

作　　者：周文莲[1] 吴新智[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院古脊椎动物与古人类研究所,北京100044

出　　处：《人类学学报》2002年第2期111-115,共5页Acta Anthropologica Sinica

基　　金：中国科学院院长基金资助 (课题号 990 4 0 4 )

摘　　要：采用传统的人类学观察方法 ,对一些中国和西方的化石人头骨模型的犬齿窝、颧骨缘结节和梨状孔上外侧部的膨隆情况进行观察比较 ,希望为研究头骨形态的发展变化及现代人起源问题 ,特别是中国现代人的起源提供一些值得参考的信息。得到如下提示 :(1 )在欧洲犬齿窝似乎是随着人类的进化逐渐出现的 ,(2 )在化石人头骨上 ,颧骨缘结节的出现似看不出明显的地域差异 ,(3)梨状孔上外侧部的膨隆这一性状似乎在大荔头骨与其他中国化石人“不融洽” ,而与欧洲尼人接近 。This study examined some of human fossil skulls and casts of the Pleistocene of China, Europe, Africa and Near East in the three non-metrical traits: the canine fossa, the marginal process and bulge superolateral to the pyriforme orifice. We got the following suggestions, (1) the canine fossa might have occurred with the human evolution in late Pleistocene Europe, (2) there is no geographical difference for the presence of the marginal process in the fossil skulls, and (3) the bulge superolateral to the pyriforme orifice of the Dali skull seems more comparable to that of European Neandertals rather than to that of the other Chinese fossil skulls studied in this paper. This might have reflected certain degree of gene exchange.

关 键 词：中国 西方 化石人头骨 面部 非测量性状 犬齿窝 颧骨缘结节 梨状孔上外侧部 膨隆 

分 类 号：Q984[生物学—人类学] Q983.3