人类和微小按蚊行为及其与疟疾传播的关系  

Behaviors of Human Race and Anopheles minimus Theobald,and their Relationship with Malaria Transmission

作　　者：许建卫[1] 杨煌[1] 顾云安[1] 马信文 杨学文 汪丽波[1] 刘行知[1] 龙思伟 杨宗强 杨继青 杨国灿 杨太专 

机构地区：[1]云南省疟疾防治研究所流行病学室,思茅665000 [2]元江县卫生防疫站 [3]元江县东峨乡卫生院

出　　处：《中国媒介生物学及控制杂志》2002年第2期98-100,共3页Chinese Journal of Vector Biology and Control

基　　金：WHO/TDR资助课题的部分内容 (编号 :90 0 0 98)

摘　　要：目的 :了解疟疾传播中的人类和媒介按蚊的行为。方法 :在 3个固定观察点 ,对微小按蚊的栖息、叮人和夜间活动行为进行了 1年的观察 ;寻访对象 ,进行人类行为问卷调查 ,同时采样进行血清学实验 ,对资料进行统计学处理。结果 :微小按蚊栖息密度与其栖息场所附近叮人率完全相关 (r =1) ;间接荧光抗体 (IFAT)阳性率与叮人率 (r =0 .6 9)及栖息密度 (r =0 .6 2 )成正相关 ;人的露宿行为、在田棚过夜和在微小按蚊夜间活动高峰 ( 2 2∶0 0 )后上床就寝增加了疟疾感染的机会 ;IFAT阳性率不但受微小按蚊种群大小的影响 ,而且受其年活动时间和人暴露给它叮咬程度的影响。结论 :媒介和人类行为是疟疾传播中的重要决定因素。Objective: To understand the role of human race and vector behaviors in malaria transmission. Methods: Behaviors of Anopheles minimus in resting, man-biting and night-acting were observed for one year at the three selected sites. The subjects were interviewed person by person by using human behavior questionnaires, meanwhile, a serological sample was collected from each subject and then detected in lab. The data were analyzed by statistics. Results:Resting density and nearby man-biting rates of An. minmus were completely correlative ( r =1). Indirect fluorescence antibody test (IFAT) positive rates were positively correlated with man-biting rates ( r = 0.69 ) and resting densities ( r = 0.62) respectively. Human outdoor sleeping behaviors, over-night in field shacks and going to bed after active peak of An. minimus (22∶00pm) increased significantly malarial infection. Not only the size of An. minimus population affected IFAT positive rates, but also the length of its annual activity time and the degree of human exposure to its bite too. Conclusion: Human and vector behaviors are important determining factors in malaria transmission.

关 键 词：微小按蚊 疟疾 传播 媒介行为 人类行为 

分 类 号：R531.3[医药卫生—内科学] R384.1[医药卫生—临床医学]