甘蓝型油菜小孢子单倍体二倍化技术的研究  

Diploidization techniques of haploids from in vitro culture microspores of rapeseed ( Brassica napus L.)

作　　者：石淑稳[1] 吴江生[2] 周永明[2] 刘后利[2] 

机构地区：[1]华中农业大学农学系 [2]华中农业大学作物遗传改良国家重点实验室

出　　处：《中国油料作物学报》2002年第1期1-5,共5页Chinese Journal of Oil Crop Sciences

基　　金：国家"九五"攻关项目 (96- 0 0 2- 0 2- 13- 0 4) ;国家生物技术育种项目 (96-C0 1- 0 1- 0 4) ;国家自然科学基金项目 (3 9670 467)

摘　　要：采用 6种方法系统研究甘蓝型油菜 (Brassicanapus)品系 (种 )及杂种的小孢子再生苗单倍体染色体加倍技术。结果表明 ,单倍体苗接种含 70～ 80mg/L秋水仙碱的培养基处理 4～ 5d ,植株染色体加倍率 5 0 %以上 ;单倍体小苗移栽前用 1～ 2g/L秋水仙碱液浸泡处理 3～ 6h ,加倍率 5 0 %以上。由这些方法产生的加倍植株大多是可育花和不育花共生的嵌合体 ,每株产生的种子很少。分离的小孢子在含 10～ 5 0mg/L秋水仙碱的NLN培养基中处理4 8h后 ,接种无秋水仙碱NLN培养基诱导胚状体 ,再生植株加倍率 80 %以上 ,全株的花均能自交结籽 。Since 1992, the chromosome doubling techniques of rapeseed ( Brassica napus ) haploids from the microspors by in vitro culture were investigated. Haploid plantlets were cultured in 1/2MS or B5 media containing 70～80mg/L colchicine for 4～5d, the fertile plants were more than 50% and surviving rate of treated plants was over 60%. Moreover, before transplanted into the field from the flasks the roots of plantlets or whole plantlets were immered in the solution added 0.5～2g/L colchicine for 1～7h followed transplanted into the field. Over 50% plants set seeds by selfing among treatments of 1～2g/L colchicine for 3～6h. But lot of chimeric plants born fertile and sterile flowers in same plant were observed in above two expreriments. Also, prior to culture isolated microspores were treated in NLN media with 10～50mg/L colchicine for 48h and then were recultured in colchicine-free NLN medium to induce embryos. Over 80% diploid plants and a higher embryo formation rate were produced. The diploid plants produced by treating microspores using colchicine were rarely chimera and a great number of seeds were harvested in each plant.

关 键 词：甘蓝型油菜 小孢子培养 单倍体二倍化 

分 类 号：S565.4[农业科学—作物学]