基因组原位杂交辨别芸薹属异源四倍体AA、BB、CC基因组研究  

Genomic in situ hybridization (GISH) discriminates the A, B and C genomes in Brassica allotetraploid species

作　　者：李宗芸[1] 栗茂腾[2] 黄荣桂[2] 伍晓明[3] 宋运淳[1] 

机构地区：[1]武汉大学植物发育生物学教育部重点实验室,湖北武汉430072 [2]华中农业大学作物遗传改良国家重点实验室,湖北武汉430070 [3]中国农业科学院油料作物研究所,湖北武汉430062

出　　处：《中国油料作物学报》2002年第1期10-14,共5页Chinese Journal of Oil Crop Sciences

基　　金：国家教育部高等学校博士学科点专项科研基金 (970 4860 7) ;国家自然科学基金重点项目 (3 983 0 2 70 )

摘　　要：利用基因组原位杂交 (GISH)技术 ,以标记的白菜型油菜 (AA ,2n =2 0 )的基因组总DNA为探针 ,分别同芥菜型油菜 (AABB ,2n =36 )和甘蓝型油菜 (AACC ,2n =38)的中期染色体和间期核杂交 ,结果芥菜型油菜有 2 0条染色体表现大而明亮的杂交信号 ,其它染色体上信号很弱或无 ,可以区分A、B基因组 ;甘蓝型油菜染色体上表现有38个信号 ,A、C基因组不能区分开来。以黑芥 (BB ,2n =16 )的基因组总DNA为探针与埃塞俄比亚芥 (BBCC ,2n =34)的中期染色体和间期核杂交 ,16条染色体上显示明显的杂交信号 ,其它染色体上信号很弱。说明在长期的进化过程中 ,芸薹属中BB与AA和CC基因组间分化程度较大 ,而AA与CC基因组分化较小。基因组原位杂交表明最强的信号多集中分布于着丝粒区 。Genomic in situ hybridization (GISH) was used to discriminate between the A and the B genomes in allotetraploid B.juncea species, the B and C genomes in B.carinata . The labeled total DNA of B.rapa was hybridized to the metaphase chromosomes and interphase of B.juncea and B.napus . 20 large, strong signals were detected in B.juncea , 38 in B.napus . The A and B genome chromosomes were obviously distinguished in B.juncea , but the A and C genomes were not discriminated in B.napus . Using the B.nigra total DNA as probe, the 16 chromosomes showed strong signals and the other showed weak signals in B.carinata . The results indicated that the B genome was divergent from the A and C genomes and the A and C genomes were relativety close. The hybridization signals were generally distrlibuted on centromere other than the arms of the chromosomes, the possible reason was discussed.

关 键 词：基因组原位杂交 芸薹属 异源四倍体 四倍体 AA BB CC 基因组分化 

分 类 号：S565.4[农业科学—作物学]