理想气体分子在保守力场中按势能的分布规律  

The Characteristics of the Potential Energy Distribution of Ideal Gases in a Conservative Field

作　　者：赵汝顺[1] 

机构地区：[1]鞍山钢铁学院数理系,辽宁鞍山114002

出　　处：《辽宁大学学报（自然科学版）》2002年第2期121-126,共6页Journal of Liaoning University：Natural Sciences Edition

摘　　要：应用统计力学的方法,首先证明了玻尔兹曼分布律完全符合统计力学中的麦克斯韦-玻尔兹曼统计法,说明了波尔兹曼分布律与各种保守力场中的理想气体分子存在的空间维数和遵从何种能谱无关.然后进一步推证了遵从玻色-爱因斯坦和费米-狄拉克统计法的理想气体分子,处在保守力场中按势能的分布规律,其结论为分子数密度是势能的幂级数函数.由此可以证明玻尔兹曼分布律只是上述分布规律的零级近似和权重因子,所以,后者才是理想气体处于保守力场中按势能的更具一般性的分布规律.We discussed the potential energy distribution characteristics of various gases in rela-tion to their energy spectra and the dimension of the space in which they fill in. We have shown that the distribution characteristics are the same irrespective of the corresponding dimensions and energy spectra, and only depend on the statistics they obey. We apply the statistical mechanics to the ideal gases. We discussed the potential energy distribution characteristics of ideal gases in the B E' s sta-tistical way and the F D' s statistical way in a conservative field. We showed the special case that the Boltzman's distribution law is only above two kinds distribution.

关 键 词：理想气体分子 保守力场 势能 分布规律 玻尔兹曼分布律 麦克斯韦-玻尔斯曼统计法 统计力学 平均热波长 

分 类 号：O552.3[理学—热学与物质分子运动论] O414.2[理学—物理]