套带与下体负压对-6°头低位卧床21天的健康男性心脏X线变化的影响  

Effect of cuffs and LBNP on heart X-ray changes health men during 21 d head-down bed rest

作　　者：陈群涛 王新增 姚永杰[2] 杨长斌[2] 周清 李庆峰 刘仲昌 陈炳全 蒋昌林[3] 

机构地区：[1]空军临潼疗养院,西安710600 [2]第四军医大学航空航天生物动力学教研室,西安710033 [3]航天医学工程研究所,北京100094

出　　处：《中华航空航天医学杂志》2002年第1期25-28,共4页Chinese Journal of Aerospace Medicine

摘　　要：目的　探讨头低位卧床模拟失重过程中心脏 X线形态变化及四肢加压套带、下体负压的作用。　方法　 18名健康男性青年 ,自愿接受试验 ,随机分为对照组、套带组和下体负压组 ,进行- 6°头低位卧床 2 1d试验。对照组卧床中不用任何对抗措施 ;套带组卧床期间每天 0 8∶ 30～ 2 0∶ 30 ,四肢戴加压套带 ,压力维持在 5 .3k Pa;下体负压组卧床期间第 1周和最后 1周每天下午使用 1h下体负压裤 ,压力维持在 - 4k Pa。分别于卧床前 1d和卧床后 1d摄取 X线胸片 1张 ,按有关标准测量胸廊横径、心脏横径、长径和宽径 ,并计算反映心脏形态大小的心胸比和心脏面积。　结果　对照组卧床后较卧床前心脏横径减小 0 .5 4cm,心胸比减小 0 .0 2 4,心脏面积减小 9cm2 ,差异有显著性意义。套带组和下体负压组心脏面积前后比较差异无显著性意义。　结论　头低位卧床 2 1d模拟失重过程可使心脏体积变小 ,这可能是心脏功能降低的结果 ,与有关实验结果相符 ;使用四肢加压套带和下体负压等对抗措施可以防止心脏形态改变 ,而下体负压作用效果及可操作性均优于四肢加压套带。Objective To study X-ray changes of heart during 21 d head down -6° tilt with and without cuffs and lower body negative pressure. Methods The -6° down bed rest 21 d was used to simulate weightlessness. Eighteen volunteers were divided into 3 groups: cuffs group, LBNP group and control group. In cuffs group, cuffs on the upper part of thighs and arms were inflated 12 h/d during bed rest. In LBNP group, LBNP were exerted in afternoon 1 h/d during the first and last week of bed rest. No counter measure was used in control group. X-ray films were taken one day before and after bed rest for measuring diameter of thoracic cage and heart, and the cardiac-thoracic ratio and area of heart were calculated. Results As compared with that before bed rest, the area of heart was decreased by 9 cm 2 in control group, while it was increased by 1.9 cm 2 and 0.5 cm 2 in cuff group and LBNP group. The difference was significant statistically in control group, but non-significant in the 2 experimental groups. Conclusion X-ray change of heart induced by simulated weightlessness can be alleviated by cuffs or LBNP. LBNP is a better counter measure, as it is easier to operate and more effective.

关 键 词：失重模拟 套带 下体负压 心脏 X线摄影术 

分 类 号：R852.22[医药卫生—航空、航天与航海医学] R540.4[医药卫生—临床医学]