棉花的水分状况及草炭处理后的变化  

The Water Status of Cotton and Its Change after Peat Treatment

作　　者：蒋进[1] 王周琼[1] 马健[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所,乌鲁木齐830011

出　　处：《干旱区研究》2002年第2期21-25,共5页Arid Zone Research

基　　金：日本国际协力事业团支持的"利用草炭绿化荒漠"项目;中国科学院重大国际合作特别支持项目"利用草炭进行荒漠绿化的研究"的研究内容

摘　　要：本文对棉花的水分状况及草炭处理下的变化进行了研究。棉花蒸腾作用的日进程为平缓的单峰型 ,叶片正反面的蒸腾作用速率和气孔扩散阻力都存在着明显的差异 ,环境因子如光照 ,相对湿度等对棉花的水分状况有影响。棉花的水分状况对环境条件变化的敏感性在施加了草炭的处理后得到了改善。试验表明 ,草炭的施用改善了棉花的水分状况 ,提高了棉花的水分利用效率 ,对棉花的生长是有促进作用的。This paper carries out the research on change of the water status of cotton after peat treatment based on the measurement of transpiration rate and stomatal conductance in leaves and the twig water potential of cotton. The experiments are carried out in the cotton field at Fukang Station for Desert Ecosystem Observation and Experiment (44°17'N, 87°47'E, 455 m a.s.l.), Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences. The station is located in the northern piedmont of the Tianshan Mountains and the southeastern marginal zone of Junggar Basin, the annual air temperature, sunshine time, precipitation and evaporation are 6.2℃, 2562.5 h, 183.7 mm and 1945.2 mm respectively, and it is the typical continental climate here. The results show that the daily change of the transpiration of cotton is a gentle unimodal curve, there is an obvious difference of transpiration rate and of stomatal conductance between the obverse and reverse sides of cotton leaves, and the water status of cotton is influenced by environmental factors, such as illumination and relative humidity. The sensitivity of the water status of cotton to the change of the environmental conditions is improved after peat composed of rotten mosses is spread. The experiments show that the water status of cotton is improved and the utilization ratio of water in cotton is increased after peat which is advantageous for the growth of cotton.

关 键 词：棉花 水分状况 草炭处理 保水剂 

分 类 号：S562[农业科学—作物学]