新型无磷洗涤剂助剂——层状硅酸盐的研制  

A New Type Detergent Assistant for Phosphate-Free Detergent -Layered Crystalline Sodium Silicate

作　　者：梁红玉[1] 张连红[1] 宫红[1] 

机构地区：[1]抚顺石油学院应化系,辽宁抚顺113001

出　　处：《抚顺石油学院学报》2002年第2期30-32,共3页Journal of Fushun Petroleum Institute

摘　　要：三聚磷酸钠等含磷助剂具有优良的助洗性能 ,在合成洗涤剂行业曾被广泛使用。 70年代以来 ,磷对水体造成的“富营养化”日益严重 ,代磷助剂的研究非常活跃。层状结晶硅酸钠是一种新型代磷助剂。以水玻璃为原料 ,通过喷雾干燥法合成无定形硅酸钠 ,再将无定形硅酸钠煅烧 ,即可获得δ -层状结晶硅酸钠。同时考察了喷雾干燥温度和煅烧温度对产品钙离子交换能力的影响 ,确定出了最佳的工艺条件。在 4 5 0℃下喷雾干燥 ,80 0℃下煅烧 1h得到最优产品。经X射线衍射检测 ,结晶度较高 ,钙离子交换能力为 343mg (CaCO3 ) /gδ -层状结晶硅酸钠 ,产品灼烧失重质量分数为 2 .38% ,不易吸水 ,有利于洗衣粉保持干爽粒状 ;合成工艺流程简单 ,原料易得。Phosphorus-containing additive such as sodium tripolyphosphate has been widely used in the detergent industry for its excellent properties as detergent assistant. The research on replacing phosphorus-containing assistant has been paid great attention during the last three decades due to its over-nutrition in related water body. The layered sodium silicate, a new phosphate-free detergent assistant, can be produced with soluble glass as raw material by being spray-dehydrated and calcined. The temperature of spray-dehydration and calcination was optimized. The crystalline end product with high crystallization at 450 ℃ of spray-dehydration and at 800 ℃ of calcination for 1 hour was verified by X-ray diffractometry. It is concluded that the layered sodium silicate with calcium exchangeability of 343 mg (CaCO 3)/g and less calc water of 2.38% is a preferable detergent assistant for phosphate-free detergent.

关 键 词：无磷洗涤剂 助剂 层状硅酸盐 研制 助洗剂 晶化导向剂 

分 类 号：TQ649.62[化学工程—精细化工]