灾害性天气/气候高性能模拟器  

A Research on High Performance Simulator for Disaster Weather and Climate

作　　者：苏炳凯[1] 汤剑平[1] 钟中[1] 赵得明[1] 潘益农[1] 郭传江[1] 赵鸣[1] 江勇[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京大学大气科学系,南京210093

出　　处：《南京大学学报（自然科学版）》2002年第3期365-374,共10页Journal of Nanjing University（Natural Science）

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展规划项目 (G19990 434 0 0 )

摘　　要：灾害性天气 /气候高性能模拟器 ,是我们根据研究项目需要 ,巧妙地学习Beowulf模型研制而成 .一系列测试表明 :⑴当 32个节点求解 4 .2万个线代方程组时 ,浮点运算峰值速度高达每秒 2 6 7.8亿次 ;⑵运转并行性高的应用测试软件MM5v3,用 8个节点计算比国内同类PC集群快 2 .5倍 ,但比SGI 380 0慢 1.2 3倍 ;16个节点时并行效率最高 ,比同类快至 3倍 ,竟与SGI380 0相当 .⑶ 32位字长的模拟器与 6 4位字长的SGI 380 0气候数值模拟的精度测试表明 ,模拟器与SGI积分了 18个月后的模拟值与观测值都相当接近 ,它们相对观测值的最大误差约 3～ 4位势米 .第一个成功应用实例是出色完成RMIP第一阶段的任务模拟亚洲地区 1997.3.1-1998.8.31间特旱、特涝两个极端气候事件 .我们用蓝光 32 XP并行 18个月积分只需花 0 .81d ;同时 ,模拟影响特旱、特涝的一些重要系统 (如南亚高压、低空急流等 ) 18个月来始终与观测的相一致 ,因此相应模拟的气候异常也与观测的相近 .2 0 0 1年 12月在日本RMIP工作会议上报告 。The high performance simulator for disaster weather and climate is designed according to the research project in reference to the Beowulf model. A series of tests show: ⑴ By solving the 42 000 sets of linear algebra equations with 32 nodes, the peak speed by floating point can reach 26.78 billion times per second. ⑵ By performing the software_the numerical model MM5v3 which uses parallel algorithm, the speed with 8 nodes is 2.5 times faster than the same kind of PC cluster domestically, but 1.23 times slower than SGI3800; the efficiency is the highest when the 16 nodes are used. The speed increases to 3 times that of the same kind of cluster, and can be compared to SGI3800. ⑶ When we perform the numerical simulation of climate using the simulator with 32 bit and SGI with 64 bit, both results of the numerical simulation after 18 months are close to the observation with the maximum error of 3～4 geopotential meters. The first example of successful application is outstandingly completing the mission in the first stage of the Regional Model Inter_comparison Project (RMIP) - to simulate the climate events of extreme draught and extreme flood in East Asia from March 1, 1997 to August 1, 1998. We use the 'Blue light' high performance cluster computing system 32×XP to conduct the simulation, which only takes 0.81 days to complete the 18_month integration. At the same time, the results of the simulation of the important systems affecting the extreme drought and flood(such as South Asia High, low level jet etc.) in the 18 months are always in agreement with the observation. For this reason the simulated weather and climate abnormalities are also close to the observation. The presentation at the workshop on RMIP held in Kobe, Japan in December, 2001 received great concern and favourable comments.

关 键 词：灾害性天气 灾害性气候 数值模拟 模拟器 PC机集群 

分 类 号：P429[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]