乙草胺和丁草胺在土壤中的紫外光化学降解  

PHOTODEGRADATION OF ACETOCHLOR AND BUTACHLOR IN SOIL

作　　者：郑和辉[1] 叶常明[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院生态环境研究中心,北京100085

出　　处：《环境化学》2002年第2期117-122,共6页Environmental Chemistry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目 ( 2 98371 70 )

摘　　要：采用实验室模拟实验研究了水分、pH值和表面活性剂对乙草胺和丁草胺在土壤中的紫外光降解行为的影响 .结果表明 ,在湿度 80 %的土壤中 ,丁草胺和乙草胺的光解深度及光解速率均大于无水条件 .随土壤pH值的增大 ,丁草胺在土壤中的光降解速率加快和光解深度加深 .低浓度的阴离子表面活性剂十二烷基苯磺酸钠 (DDBS)促进丁草胺在土壤中的光解 ,使丁草胺在土壤中的光解深度增加 .高浓度的DDBS对丁草胺在土壤中的光解有阻碍作用 .阳离子表面活性剂十六烷基三甲基溴化铵(HDTMA)对丁草胺在土壤中的光解也有阻碍作用 .In this paper,influence of water content,pH and surfacant on UV photolysis of acetochlor and butachlor in the soil was studied by laboratory simulation experiment.The result showed that the photodegradation rate and depth of butachlor and acetochlor was greater in the 80% humidity soil than in the anhydrous soil.As pH of the soil became greater,the photodegradation rate was faster and the photodegradation depth was greater.Anion surfactant dodecylbenzene sulfonic acid sodium at low concentration could promote butachlor to photodegradate in soil,cation surfactant hexadecyltrimethyl-ammonium could impede butachlor to photodegradate.

关 键 词：紫外光解 乙草胺 丁草胺 土壤 化学降解 除草剂 

分 类 号：X53[环境科学与工程—环境工程]