硫酸溶液中的铋对铅酸蓄电池负极性能的影响  

Influence of Bismuth(Ⅲ) in Sulfuric Acid Electrolyte on the Cathode Behavior of Lead-acid Battery

作　　者：吴玲[1] 陈红雨[1] 戴光宏[1] 梁捷[1] 蒋雄[1] 

机构地区：[1]华南师范大学化学系,广州510631

出　　处：《应用化学》2002年第6期574-577,共4页Chinese Journal of Applied Chemistry

摘　　要：利用阴极极化、循环伏安和交流阻抗等电化学方法探讨了硫酸电解液中的铋对铅酸蓄电池负极性能的影响及其机理 .实验结果表明 ,在充电过程中 ,硫酸溶液中的铋 ( )离子会沉积到负极上 ,从而引起负极析氢过电位显著降低和充放电容量一定程度的下降 .铋的置换沉积使负极表面加快生成了 Pb SO4 膜 ,增厚的Pb SO4 膜对 H+ 、SO2 - 4离子的迁移可能起到了阻挡的作用 。The influence of Bi 3+ ions in sulfuric acid electrolyte on the cathode behavior of lead acid battery has been investigated by cyclic voltammetry(CV), cathodic polarization and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy(EIS). The results demonstrated that bismuth ion can be deposited on the cathode surface in the course of charging, resulting in the decrease of both cathode hydrogen overpotential and discharge capacity. The deposition of bismuth ions due to ion displacement may also lead to a quick formation of PbSO 4 film on the electrode surface. The thickened PbSO 4 film might retard the migration of H + and HSO - 4 ions, decreasing the self discharge of battery at open potential.

关 键 词：硫酸溶液 铅酸蓄电池 电解液 负极 铋 电池性能 阴极极化 循环伏安 交流阻抗 

分 类 号：TM912.1[电气工程—电力电子与电力传动] O646.5[理学—物理化学]