小儿呼吸道感染抗生素的使用及耐药性分析  

Uses of antibiotics and analysis of resistance to the bacteria causing respiratory infections in children

作　　者：曾佑群[1] 吴扬[1] 

机构地区：[1]重庆医科大学附属儿童医院,400014

出　　处：《儿科药学》2002年第2期33-35,共3页Journal of Pediatric Pharmacy

摘　　要：目的 :了解抗生素在儿科呼吸道感染的使用情况 ,并对常见细菌的耐药性进行分析。方法 :抽取呼吸道感染患儿病历 44 7份 ,统计使用的抗生素种类 ,利用Microscan全自动微生物分析仪进行细菌鉴定和药敏实验。结果 :抗生素使用种类达 19种 ,使用率为 10 0 % ,最高的为青霉素类和头孢菌素类。革兰阴性杆菌、革兰阳性球菌对临床常用的头孢类抗生素耐药率较高 ,对喹喏酮类抗生素耐药率较低。结论 :由于抗生素的广泛使用 ,在抗生素选择性压力诱导下产生的耐药株逐渐增多 。Objective: To investigate the utilization of antibiotics in treating respiratory infections in children and analyse the resistance to the common bacteria Methods: 447 Pieces of case history about respiratory infections in children were randomly selected to count the uses of the antibiotics identifications of bacteria and antimicrobial susceptibility tests were performed by using the automatic microorganism analyzer-microscan Results: Nineteen kinds of antibiotics were utilized,the use rate of antibiotics was 100% The penicillins and cephalosporins were the best frequency of usage For both Gram negative bacillus and Gram positive coccus,there were higher resistant rates to cephalosporins that are commonly used in clinics,while there were lower resistant ratas to quinolones Conclusion: Since too commonly abused the antibiotics,more and more resistant bacteria are emerging due to inducement by the selective pressures of the antibiotics So the antibiotics must be selected according to the results of susceptibility tests

关 键 词：小儿 呼吸道感染 抗生素 使用 耐药性分析 

分 类 号：R978.1[医药卫生—药品] R725.6[医药卫生—药学]