小儿烧伤的流行病学分析  

The Epidemiological Analysis in 886 Pediatric Burns

作　　者：葛茂星[1] 严刚[1] 刘军[1] 马克娴[1] 

机构地区：[1]昆明医学院第二附属医院烧伤科,昆明650101

出　　处：《昆明医学院学报》2002年第2期54-57,共4页Journal of Kunming Medical College

摘　　要：对近 5a收治的 886例 15岁以下小儿烧伤患者的年龄、性别、烧伤原因、面积、部位、地点、发病季节、转归等流行病学资料进行统计分析 .结果 :小儿烧伤 5岁以下儿童占 86 8% ,男性占 6 2 % ,女性占38% ,冬春季发病率 5 2 % ,夏秋季 48% ,热液和火焰为主要致伤原因 (94 5 % ) ,家庭内损伤占 91% ,四肢和躯干为好发部位 ,烧伤面积在 30 %以下占 91 3% ,死亡率 0 5 % ,烧伤面积在 30 %以上死亡率 14 5 % .火焰烧伤死亡率高于热液烫伤 (P <0 0 5 ) .多脏器衰竭、全身感染和休克是主要死亡原因 .结论 :小儿烧伤 。A retrospective epidemiological study of the patients under the age of 15 hospitalized in the Burn Research Center of the 2nd Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical College between January 1, 1994 and December 31, 1998 was made . The data included age, gender, causes of burn, %TBSA, location of burn, season of the year and mortality of the 886 children. The results showed that males were 62% and female 38% ; 52% of all occurred in the winter and spring, 48% in summer and the autumn; hot liquids and flame were the main causes of injury(94.5%), most of children(91%) sustained their accidents in the home, upper and lower extremities and trunk were frequently involved. 809 children(91.3%) had burns under 30% of the total body surface area(TBSA). 4 of these children died, a mortality of 0.5%. 77 children sustained burns with more than 30% of TBSA, 11 died, a mortality of 14.3%. The mortality rate of flame injuries was significantly higher than that of scald of hot liquids(4.8% v 1.4%, P<0.05). The causes of death were mainly attributed to multiple organ failure, severe infections and hypovolemic shock. Conclusion:The prevention of pediatric burns should be emphasized.

关 键 词：小儿 烧伤 流行病学 

分 类 号：R644[医药卫生—外科学]