模拟秋冬保护地条件下不同基因型菠菜氮素利用及硝酸盐累积特点研究  

N utilization and Nitrate Accumulation Characteristics of Different Spinach Geno types under Simulative Autumn and Winter Seasons under Protected Field Condition s

作　　者：张宏彦[1] 陈清[1] 尤努斯 汤丽玲[1] 李晓林[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学植物营养开放实验室,北京100094 [2]新疆师范大学生物学院

出　　处：《农业环境保护》2002年第3期237-240,247,共5页Agro-Environmental Protection

基　　金：北京市自然科学基金项目(6991004); 国家重点基础研究规划项目(G1999011807)

摘　　要：模拟秋冬保护地栽培条件下,利用盆栽试验研究了6个不同基因型菠菜品种(菠杂10、菠杂15、菠杂18、菠杂冠能、元菠和尖抗)在不同氮素供应水平(0、5、10、20、30mgN·kg-1土)下氮素利用及硝酸盐累积特点。结果表明,不同基因型品种间产量、全氮含量、吸氮量、硝酸盐含量及硝态氮占植株全氮比例等均存在很大的差异,且这些差异因氮素供应水平的变化而有所不同,表现为品种间上述指标的平均变异程度(CV,%)随氮素供应水平的增加而明显减小,其中品种间硝酸盐含量CV变化幅度最大,由不施氮时的62%锐减为施氮30mgN·kg-1土时的14%。本试验条件下,若仅以硝酸盐含量作评价,元菠为硝酸盐累积程度最低的品种,但若以产量、硝酸盐累积二指标综合评价,则菠杂15应为6品种中最适宜秋冬季生产的品种。6个供试品种硝酸盐含量及硝态氮占全氮的比例均随氮供应水平的增加而显著增加。实际生产中选择降低菠菜硝酸盐措施时应将降低氮肥用量及选择低硝酸盐累积的品种同时加以考虑,二者不可偏废。Under simulative autumn and winter protect field conditions, a pot exp eriment was carried out to study the effects of N supply on yields, N utilizatio n and nitrate accumulation characteristics of 6 spinach genotypes (Boza18, Boza1 5, Boza 10, Yuan bo, Boza Guan neng, and Jian kang). The results showed that th ere were significant differences among different genotypes on yields, total N co ncentration, aboveground N uptake, nitrate concentration and the percentage of n itrate-N to total N in plant. The differences among different genotypes were in fluenced by N supply levels. And the correlation variation CV (%) of the index among 6 genotypes decreased with the increase of N supply. CV of nitrate concent ration decreased much more sharply with N supply than other index, from 62% in CK to 14% in 30mg N·kg-1 in soil. Based on the experiment, Yuan Bo was the lo west nitrate accumulated genotype if we just took into account nitrate concentra tion. However, when we take into account both yield and nitrate accumulation, Bo za 15 is the best genotype that may be attractive for production under protected field in winter-autumn seasons. With the increase of N supply levels, the nitr ate concentration and the percentage of nitrate-N to total N increased signific antly in all genotypes. Both genotype and N supply levels should be taken into a ccount carefully in vegetable production to reduce nitrate concentration in vege table.

关 键 词：模拟 秋冬保护地条件 基因型 菠菜 氮素利用 硝酸盐累积特点 盆栽 

分 类 号：S131.2[农业科学—农业基础科学]