湖北省土家族妇女婚姻生育状况  

Investigation on marriage and fertility status of women of Tujia nationality in Hubei province

作　　者：郭毅[1] 燕虹[1] 左丹[1] 朱世柱[2] 杨勤[3] 李建屏[4] 

机构地区：[1]武汉大学公共卫生学院流行病学教研室,湖北武汉430071 [2]武汉大学医学院口腔解剖教研室,湖北武汉430071 [3]湖北省妇幼保健院,湖北武汉430070 [4]湖北省卫生厅,湖北武汉430071

出　　处：《疾病控制杂志》2002年第2期115-118,共4页Chinese Journal of Disease Control and Prevention

基　　金：湖北省卫生厅资助项目 (NO.114 10 2 18)

摘　　要：目的　了解湖北省土家族妇女的婚姻、生育状况。方法　采用分层整群随机抽样方法抽取样本入户调查。结果　共调查 15 a以上妇女 710 1人 ,其中育龄 (15～ 4 9) a妇女 5 70 2人。 1994年在婚比例为 76 .84 % ,离婚比例为 0 .2 0 %。 2 5～ 2 9a妇女已婚比例为 95 .5 9% ,2 0 a以下妇女已婚比例为 3.4 9%。 1993.8～ 1994 .7妇女的普通生育率和总和生育率分别为 88.39‰和 2 .2 2。 2 0 a以下年龄组累计生育率占总和生育率的 3.0 9%。活产婴儿中 ,一孩所占比例为 5 3.6 8% ,二孩及多孩比例分别为 4 1.35 %和 4 .97%。结婚 1～ 3年生育率均达 2 0 0 .0 0‰以上 ,而结婚当年和第二年生育率高达 4 2 1.5 1‰和 380 .0 0‰。文化程度和家庭经济状况不同的妇女生育水平不同。结论　加强晚婚晚育 ,提高经济、教育水平以促进计划生育。Objective To understand the marriage and fertility status among women of Tujia nationality in Hubei province. Methods An interview survey of 7 101 women over 15 years from three counties selected by stratified sampling and random cluster sampling was performed. Results In 1994, the proportion of married women was 76.84% and the proportion of divorce was 0.20% . The married proportion was 95.59% in women aged 25～29 and 3.49% women aged under 20 years were married. The women's general and total fertility rates were 88.39‰ and 2.22 , respectively from August, 1993 to July, 1994. The standardized fertility rate (79.00‰) was higher than that in Hubei Province in 1993 (70.39‰) (P<0.05). Of the total fertility rate in three counties, that of the women aged under 20 years accounted for 3.09%. Of live birth, the proportions of women with one child and two children were 53.68% and 41.35%, respectively. The proportion of women with three or over three was 4.97%. The bearing rates of women at marriage for one year and two years were 421.51‰ and 380.00‰, respectively. The women's educated degree and the family economic status effected on the fertility rate. Conclusions It is necessary to strengthen family planning to decrease the bearing rate, reduce early marriage, early gestation and multi delivery.

关 键 词：湖北 土家族 生育力 流行病学 女性 计划生育 

分 类 号：R169[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]