皱纹盘鲍肾脏的组织化学和超微结构  

HISTOCHEMISTRY AND ULTRASTRUCTURE OF THE KIDNEY IN DISK ABALONE (HALIOTIS DISCUS HANNAI)

作　　者：崔龙波[1] 周雪莹[1] 刘传琳[1] 陆瑶华[1] 

机构地区：[1]烟台大学生物化学系,山东烟台264005

出　　处：《动物学报》2002年第3期402-407,共6页ACTA ZOOLOGICA SINICA

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目 (No 39470 35 1)~~

摘　　要：以组织学、组织化学和透射电镜观察等方法研究了皱纹盘鲍 (Haliotisdiscushannai)的肾脏。肾脏由无数肾小管和集合管组成。肾小管上皮细胞游离面有明显的刷状缘 ,并有少量纤毛。细胞顶端存在大量直径为0 8～ 1 8μm的折光小体 ,组化研究显示小体内含铁。基底端质膜高度内折 ,并呈碱性磷酸酶活性。上皮细胞与血窦仅有基底膜相隔。细胞内最具特征性的结构是“膜囊体” ,光镜下它呈嗜酸性团块 ,组化研究显示含丰富的蛋白质 ,电镜下观察它由双层单位膜围成的众多的小管及扁囊构成 ,小管的直径或扁囊的高度为 30～ 80nm ,某一局部的小管或扁囊的形状及排列很有规律性。“膜囊体”的性质尚不清楚。除纤毛数量增加和“膜囊体”较小外 ,集合管上皮细胞的组织化学和超微结构类似于肾小管上皮细胞。在集合管和肾腔上皮还存在少量的粘液细胞。The structure and function of kidney in the disk abalone Haliotis discus hannai were studied with histological and histochemical methods and transmission electron microscopy. The abalone had a pair of kidneys, the left was larger than the right. The kidney consisted of a number of tubules and collecting ducts. Many tubules, which differ in size and round or flat in shape, converged into a collecting duct. The tubule epithelium was cuboid or low columnar. Round nucleuses were located near apex of the epithelial cells. In the tubule epithelial cells, obvious brush border consisted of a number of microvilli and quite a few cilia were observed in the free margin. The microvilli were a typical structure of absorptive cells. The tubule epithelial cells, therefore, might re absorb or absorb selectively water or certain ions from their filtrate. The cilia might be conducive to draining the excretion by their swing. The apical cytoplasm of the tubule epithelial cell contained many small refractile spherules above the nucleus. The spherules were blue by method of Turnbulls blue, which showed that they held iron. Under transmission electron microscope, the spherules were enclosed by the membrane, 0 8—1 8 μm in diameter, and contained scattered substance whose electron density was low.The spherules holding iron might have something to deal with detoxification. Rich blood spaces were present among the tubules. There was only a layer of basement membrane between the epithelial cells and the blood spaces. The components in the blood might get into the epithelial cells only by passing through the basement membrane. The basal plasma membrane of the tubule epithelial cell formed numerous infoldings that was a typical structure by which the epithelial cells could transport actively and showed alkaline phosphatase activity by histochemical method that was related to trans membrane transport of materials. It showed that the tubule epithelial cells might transport certain substances or metabolite within blood into cells, t

关 键 词：皱纹盘鲍 肾脏 组织化学 超微结构 

分 类 号：Q959.212[生物学—动物学]