含缺口受拉平板三维应力场及其对脆性破坏的影响  

3-D stresses in a flat slab with a crack in tension and the effect on brittle fracture

作　　者：王元清[1] 武延民[1] 王晓哲[1] 石小敏[1] 

机构地区：[1]清华大学土木工程系,北京100084

出　　处：《清华大学学报（自然科学版）》2002年第6期832-834,842,共4页Journal of Tsinghua University(Science and Technology)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目 ( 5 0 0 780 2 9)

摘　　要：含尖缺口受拉平板三维应力场 ,在理论上已有多种解析解法但演算复杂。该文从 Neiber解析法出发 ,导出含尖缺口受拉平板三维应力场的实用简化计算方法。对于脆性破坏最有意义的是裂缝尖端附近的应力状态 ,经过理论计算 ,简化解在距离裂缝一定范围内的误差只有 1.2 %。研究了裂缝尖端附近三维应力分布 ,及沿厚度方向的应力分布。结果表明 :应力集中区常处于三向受拉状态 ,其塑性发展受到限制 。Most theoretical methods to analyze 3-D stresses are very complex in a flat slab with a crack subjected to a tension load. This paper presents a simplified calculational method derived from Neiber's numerical solution to calculate stress near the crack tip which for brittle fractures is the most important. The stress near the crack tip calculated with this method is within 1.2% of the camplete solution. The results descube the development of the 3-D stress distribution near the crack tip. The analysis shows that this area is in tension in three directions and that the plastic strain is confined, which leads to brittle fractures.

关 键 词：含缺口受拉平板 三维应力场 脆性破坏 

分 类 号：O343.1[理学—固体力学]