叠合盆地构造变动破坏烃量研究方法探讨  

Study on Destroyed Hydrocarbon Amount by Tectonic Event in Superimposed Basins

作　　者：庞雄奇[1] 姜振学[1] 左胜杰[1] 

机构地区：[1]石油大学石油天然气成藏机理教育部重点实验室,北京102249

出　　处：《地质论评》2002年第4期384-390,共7页Geological Review

基　　金：国家重大基础研究项目"中国叠合盆地油气形成富集与分布预测"(编号G199943310)的部分成果。

摘　　要：叠合盆地内源岩生成的烃量在运聚过程中只有1％～10％左右的油和1‰～10‰左右的气能够富集成有工业价值的油气资源。除源岩残留、储层内滞留、区域盖层形成前排失、地下水溶解和扩散外,构造变动是造成烃类损耗和破坏的重要原因。探讨构造变动破坏烃量的研究方法对于油气资源评价具有重要意义。研究表明,构造变动破坏烃量主要有三种形式:剥离区域盖层、切断区域盖层的连续性和破坏圈闭的有效容积。构造变动破坏烃量随构造变动强度(剥蚀区域盖层的面积、错断区域盖层的距离和破坏圈闭的有效容积百分数)增加、构造变动前研究区有效运移烃量以及构造变动过程中区域盖层脆性增强而增大。本文探讨了构造变动破坏烃量的研究方法,建立了构造变动破坏烃量与上列三因素的定量关系模式,并将其成功地应用于塔里木盆地。In superimposed basins, the ratios for generated oil and gas to be accumulated into industrial oil-gas resources are only about 1%-10% and 1‰-10‰, respectively. The tectonic event is a major factor for hydrocarbon loss and destruction. Inquiring into the rational approaches for studying hydrocarbon destruction amount due to tectonic event is valuable for oil-gas resource assessment. The study results indicate that three patterns for hydrocarbon destruction by tectonic event are important; the removal of the regional cap rock, the destruction of the regional cap rock continuity and the effective volume of traps. The destroyed hydrocarbon amount increases with the increasing of tectonic event intensity (the denudation area and the stagger distance for regional cap rock, the efficient volume of the destroyed trap), the effective hydrocarbon amount migrated before tectonic event in the study area, and the brittleness of the regional cap rocks during tectonic event. In this paper, the methods used to calculate destroyed hydrocarbon amount resulting from tectonic events were discussed. Then the quantitative relations between the destroyed hydrocarbon amount and the above three factors were established. Finally, a successful application case in Tarim Basin was provided.

关 键 词：叠合盆地 构造变动 烃量 区域盖层 塔里木盆地 圈闭 

分 类 号：P544.4[天文地球—构造地质学]