黄瓜苗期猝倒病生物防治  

Biological control of seedling damping-off of cucumber

作　　者：楼兵干[1] 张炳欣[1] Maarten Ryder Rosemary Warren Paul Harvey 

机构地区：[1]浙江大学植物保护系,杭州310029 [2]CSIRO Land and Water, Glen Osmond, Southern Australia, 5064

出　　处：《植物保护学报》2002年第2期109-113,共5页Journal of Plant Protection

基　　金：中澳合作项目(ACIAR PN9680);国家自然科学基金(30070511)

摘　　要：通过盆栽和田间小区试验,研究了生防菌对黄瓜苗期猝倒病的防治效果。盆栽试验中,生防菌株CR56对甲霜灵高抗病原菌株Pythium ultimum ONCURO1和敏感菌株P.spinosum MP43419的防效分别为94.4％和51.4％;生防菌CUC8对两者防效分别为0.0％和61.9％;在供试的19株生防细菌中,有11株格兰氏阴性菌对ONCURO1的防效好于对MP43419,有5株格兰氏阳性菌对MP43419防效则好于对ONCURO1。田间小区试验中,生防菌株PEP66在浙大菜圃和弄口菜地对黄瓜苗期猝倒病的防效分别为35.8％和18.5％,但R2在两地的防效分别为14.3％和84.4％。供试的11株生防菌中,有10株在弄口菜地对黄瓜苗期猝倒病的防效优于在浙大菜圃。结果显示出生防菌的防效与供试土壤中病原种类和种群数量有密切的关系。The effects of bacterial bio-control strains on seedling damping-off of cucumber were evaluated in pot experiments and commercial vegetable fields. In pot experiments, the results showed that bio-control efficacies of Pseudomonas aeruginosa strain CR56 against metalaxyl-resistant P. ultimum 0NCUR01 and P. spinosum MP43419 were 94.4% and 51.4%, respectively. However, bio-control efficacies of Paenibacillus polymyxa strain CUC8 against 0NCUR01 and MP43419 were 0.0% and 61.9% , respectively. Among 19 strains tested, eleven Gram-negative strains were more effective against ONCURO1 than against MP43419, and five Gram-positive strains were more effective against MP43419 than against ONCURO1. In field experiments, the bio-control efficacies of Bacillus brevis strains PEP66 for controlling damping-off in Zhejiang University vegetable garden and Longkou vegetable fields were 35.8% and 18.5% , respectively, and bio-control efficacies of Pseudomonas fluorescens strain R2 in these two locations were 14.3% and 84.4%, respectively. Among eleven strains tested, ten were more effective against Pythium population in Longkuo than the population in the Zhejiang University. These experiments indicated that the bio-control efficacies of bacterial inoculants were dependent on the species composition and inoculum density of the target pathogen populations in fields.

关 键 词：黄瓜 腐霉菌 猝倒病 生物防治 

分 类 号：S436.421[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]