不同寄主植物棉蚜酯酶对杀虫剂不敏感性的频率分布  

Research on the insensitivity of esterase to insecticide on different host of cotton aphid

作　　者：谢佳燕[1] 冯国蕾[1] 何凤琴[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院动物研究所

出　　处：《植物保护学报》2002年第2期163-167,共5页Journal of Plant Protection

基　　金：国家科技攻关;中国科学院知识创新工程;国家自然科学重点基金(39630210)

摘　　要：通过生物测定和生化分析研究了花椒棉蚜(HA)和棉花棉蚜(MA)种群对杀虫剂的抗性及其α-乙酸萘酯(α-NA)酯酶和乙酰胆碱酯酶(AChE)对杀虫剂的不敏感性。结果表明,MA种群对甲基对硫磷、辛硫磷和灭多威的耐药性均高于HA种群;MA种群中具有高α-NA酯酶活力的个体比HA种群多,甲基对硫磷对HA和MA种群α-NA酯酶的抑制率达30％时的个体累计频率分别为37％和65％;抑制率大于50％时的累计频率分别为18％和1％;灭多威对HA种群棉蚜AChE的抑制作用高于MA种群。说明MA种群对有机磷的抗性可能与α-NA酯酶活力的增高和对杀虫剂的不敏感性有关,对灭多威的抗性与AChE敏感度的降低有关。滤纸酯酶反应法和微量滴度酶标板法均能快速、有效地测定棉蚜个体酯酶的频率分布,准确地反映两种群棉蚜酯酶活力的差异。The resistance of two cotton aphid Aphis gossypii (Glover) populations against insecticides on Chinese prickly ash(HA) and cotton(MA), according to the insensitivity of their α-naph-thylacetate (α-NA) esterase and acetylcholinesterase (AChE ) to the chemicals, were tested by bioassay and biochemical analyses. The results showed that the population of MA had higher resistance to methyl parathion , phoxim and methomyl than that of HA population . The former had more individuals with high α-NA esterase activity than that of HA, and when 30% of the inhibitory rate of α-NA esterase activity by methyl parathion was observed, the frequency of HA and MA populations was 37% and 65% , respectively, and as the inhibitory rate was inhibited over 50% , the frequency of HA and MA was 18% and 1% . Meanwhile, the AChE activity of individuals in HA population accepted stronger inhibition by methomyl than those in MA population. It was suggested that the resistance of MA population against organophosphate insecticides might be involved in the elevated α-NA esterase activity and the insensitivity of α-NA esterase to insecticide; the degraded insensitivity of AChE to methomyl might be responsible for the resistance against methomyl in MA population. Both two methods, filter paper test and 96-well microplate reader method, could rapidly and efficiently detect frequency distribution of aphid α-NA esterase activity, and correct distinguish the difference between two populations in the activity of esterase.

关 键 词：杀虫剂 频率分布 棉蚜 抗药性 不敏感性 α-乙酸萘酯酯酶 乙酰胆碱酯酶 

分 类 号：S435.622[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]