小麦花粉培养中蔗糖浓度外源激素低温前处理对启动细胞分裂的作用  

AN ANALYTIC STUDY OF THE SUCROSE CONCENTRATIONS, THE EXOGENOUS HORMONES AND THE LOW TEMPERATUREPRETREATMENT INFLUENCING THE INITIATION OF CELL DIVISION IN WHEAT POLLEN CULTURE

作　　者：朱宏[1] 张忠恒[2] 

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨师范大学 [2]克山师范专科学校

出　　处：《哈尔滨师范大学自然科学学报》2002年第3期91-95,共5页Natural Science Journal of Harbin Normal University

基　　金：蔡火石生物科学发展基金资助项目

摘　　要：以 4个小麦品种为材料 ,对培养基中的蔗糖浓度、外源激素以及低温前处理等对离体花粉中小孢子细胞分裂启动的诱导做了深入研究 .通过不同蔗糖浓度对花粉脱分化的诱导效果比较 ,发现 3 %的蔗糖浓度适用于小麦花粉培养 ,而较高蔗糖浓度 ( 9% )不利于小麦花粉培养 ,高于 9%蔗糖浓度不能启动花粉粒的脱分化及雄核发育 .2 ,4— D在诱导花粉粒转向孢子体发育的过程中起主要作用 .对幼穗花药的低温前处理有利于花粉细胞分裂的启动 .适宜的前处理条件是 7℃ 6～ 1 2 d.另发现经 6～ 9d 7℃前处理于 2 5～ 2 7℃下 2 4～ 3 6h。This paper examines the effects of different concentrations of sucrose, the exogenous hormones, and the low temperature pretreatment influencing the initiation of cell division in isolated pollen culture in 4cultivars of common wheat, and provices the from work and useful information for the establishment of effective pollen culture technique in wheat and other grass crops. The concentration of sucrose in culture medium had a profound impact on the dedifferentiation and division of pollen cells. A sucrose level of 3% was the best for wheat pollen culture, while the higher level (9%) suitable for anther culture was not favourable for pollen culture. Sucrose concentration higher than 9% inhibited the pollen division and drogenesis. The results also show that the presence of exogenous hormones in culture medium was essential to the de-differetiation of pollen cells, and synthetic auxin 2, 4-D played a role in the transition of pollens from gametogenesis to sporophytic development. The low temperature pre-treatment of the young spikes stimulated the in vitro pollen division, the suitable pre-treatment conditions were 7℃ after 6~9 days to 25~27℃ for 24~26h had a better effect.

关 键 词：小麦 花粉培养 蔗糖浓度 低温前处理 外源激素 细胞分裂 雄核发育 诱导机理 

分 类 号：S512.1[农业科学—作物学] Q943.1[生物学—植物学]