生物入侵生态学:成就与挑战  

Ecology of Biological Invasions: Achievements and Challenges

作　　者：李博[1] 陈家宽[1] 

机构地区：[1]生物多样性与生态工程教育部重点实验室,复旦大学生物多样性科学研究所

出　　处：《世界科技研究与发展》2002年第2期26-36,共11页World Sci-Tech R&D

基　　金：基金委重大项目 (批准号 :3989336 0 );国家自然基金资助项目 (批准号 :30 170 15 5 )

摘　　要：全球化不仅带来了世界政治和经济格局的变化 ,而且也改变了生物分布的空间格局———导致生物种群的重新分布 ,由此而产生的生物入侵已成为各国政府、国际社会和学术界所共同关心的全球变化问题 ,也是当前最棘手的三大环境问题之一 ;生物入侵的生态学因此成为了当代生态学的一个新的分支和研究热点。本文概述了近年来的主要研究热点及其进展 ,包括生物入侵的定义、生物入侵与全球变化的关系、生物入侵的特征、入侵的扩散、生物入侵的进化后果等。我国已于去年正式加入WTO ,生物入侵无疑将成为我国入世后愈来愈突出的环境问题之一。结合国际上的研究前沿和我国的实际情况 。Biological invasions, one of the three most pressing environmental problems, are unintended consequences of globalisation, which facilitates the transglobal movement of species across all geographical and physical boundaries with the vastly increasing movement of people and commercial goods. In addition to economic impacts, they have profound influence on native biodiversity, communities, ecosystems and even regional ecological security. This review focuses on some important issues of ecology of biological invasions: definition of biological invasion, global change and biological invasions, tens rule, range spread, evolutionary consequences of invasive alien species. Also, we briefly discussed the priority research areas in the future. China will no doubt benefit from entering WTO, but she will also face a more serious problem of biological invasions caused by exchange of living organisms. Therefore, it is hoped that our ecologists pay more attention to the phenomenon of biological invasions so as to avoid severe negative consequences for our environment, economy and society.

关 键 词：生态学 进化后果 扩散 全球变化 生物入侵 规律 

分 类 号：Q146[生物学—生态学]