微合金钢中稀土对沉淀相和性能的影响  

Effect of Rare Earth on Behavior of Precipitation and Properties of Microalloyed Steels

作　　者：林勤[1] 陈邦文[2] 唐历[3] 宋波[1] 朱兴元[2] 王怀斌[3] 

机构地区：[1]北京科技大学物理化学系,北京100083 [2]武汉钢铁集团公司技术中心,湖北武汉430080 [3]攀枝花钢铁集团公司,四川攀枝花617000

出　　处：《中国稀土学报》2002年第3期256-260,共5页Journal of the Chinese Society of Rare Earths

基　　金：原冶金工业部重点科研项目 (YA96 0 79)

摘　　要：在Nb(Ti,V)微合金钢中 ,主要沉淀相分别为Nb(C ,N) ,(Nb ,Ti) (C ,N)和V(C ,N)。稀土降低沉淀相完全溶解的温度 ,增大奥氏体中沉淀相析出的孕育期 ,降低析出速率 ,抑制奥氏体中沉淀相的析出。在铁素体相区 ,稀土提高沉淀相的析出速率和数量 ,促进沉淀相的析出 ,其中稀土对铌沉淀相析出的作用影响最强。锻态钢中 ,稀土有促进细化球化析出相的作用。随稀土含量增加 ,沉淀相析出数量增加 ,但过量稀土 ,促进作用又减弱。稀土在保持微合金钢强度的情况下 ,显著改善其冲击韧性 ,尤其是低温韧性 ,微合金钢中添加适量稀土可获得更佳的综合性能。The influence of rare earths on the behavior of precipitation of 14MnNb, X60 and 10MnV steels was studied. In the austenite RE delays the beginning of precipitation, decreases the rate of precipitation and restrains the process of precipitation. In the ferrite RE promotes precipitation and increases the amount of equilibrium carbonitride precipitation. The main carbonitride precipitates are Nb(C, N), (Nb, Ti)(C, N)and V(C, N)respectively. RE can make precipitates fine, globular and dispersed in forged microalloyed steels. With the increase of the amount of RE in steel, the amount of precipitation increases. In the case of excessive RE, the promotion effect is weakened. RE have only little influence on the strength of microalloyed steel, however it can improve impact toughness effectively.

关 键 词：性能 稀土 微合金钢 沉淀相 冲击韧性 铁素体 奥氏体 

分 类 号：TG142.1[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程] TG142.33[金属学及工艺—金属材料]