格帕沙星对500株临床分离致病菌的体外抗菌作用  

In vitro activity of grepafloxacin against 500 clinical isolated pathogens

作　　者：李耘[1] 杨敏[1] 陈扬[1] 陆红[1] 李家泰[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学第一医院临床药理研究所,北京100083

出　　处：《中国药学杂志》2002年第7期502-506,共5页Chinese Pharmaceutical Journal

摘　　要：目的　测定格帕沙星及对照药环丙沙星等对 5 0 0株临床分离菌的体外抗菌活性。方法　琼脂二倍稀释法和肉汤二倍稀释法。结果　格帕沙星抗革兰阳性球菌作用优于环丙沙星和氧氟沙星 ,与司巴沙星相当。尤其对于MSSA和链球菌属 ,格帕沙星的MIC90 ≤ 0 .2 5mg·L-1,除司巴沙星与之相当外 ,其它对照药均高出 4～ 16倍。格帕沙星抗厌氧菌作用优于环丙沙星和氧氟沙星。其对革兰阴性菌的抗菌作用与氧氟沙星、司巴沙星相当。格帕沙星有较强的杀菌作用。细菌接种量和培养基中人血清蛋白含量对格帕沙星的MIC值无明显影响。培养基pH值在酸性侧 (pH5 .0 )抗菌活性略有下降而在碱性侧 (pH9.0 )有所增强。OBJECTIVE: The in vitro activity of grepafloxacin, a new fluoroquinolone, against 500 clinical isolates were compared with those of ciprofloxacin, ofloxacin and sparfloxacin. METHODS: MICs were determined by the two-fold arga dilution method. MBCs were determined by the two-fold broth dilution method. RESULTS: Against gram-positive cocci, grepafloxacin inhibited 90% of the members of the family methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococci (include PISP and PRSP) at &le0.25 mg&middotL-1, which was comparable to sparfloxacin and better than the activities of ciprofloxacin and ofloxacin. Grepafloxacin showed higher activity than ciprofloxacin and ofloxacin against anaerobic bacteria. Against gram-negative bacteria, it was similar to ofloxacin and sparfloxacin. Against such pathogens as Klebsiella pneumoniae, Shigella spp., Acinetobacter calcoaceticus, Xanthomonas maltophilia, it was comparable to ciprofloxacin. Grepafloxacin at four-fold of the MIC was bactericidal against clinical isolates of Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The activity of grepafloxacin was decreased at pH5.0 but it was unaffected by inoculum size(104∼107 CFU&middotmL-1) and the content of human serum. CONCLUSION: Grepafloxacin had excellent bactericidal activity.

关 键 词：致病菌 格帕沙星 体外抗菌作用 琼脂二倍稀释法 肉汤二倍稀释法 药理学 

分 类 号：R978.19[医药卫生—药品] R965[医药卫生—药学]