菊花杂交不结实原因的研究  

STUDIES ON THE CROSS INFERTILITY BETWEEN DIFFERENT SPECIES OF DENDRANTHEMA DES. MOUL.

作　　者：南汝斌 孙自然[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京农业大学园艺系

出　　处：《园艺学报》1991年第4期357-361,共5页Acta Horticulturae Sinica

摘　　要：田间杂交实验证明,在适宜的条件下,某些菊花种间杂交存在不结实的现象。本文从花粉与雌蕊相互作用的过程研究了菊花种间杂交不结实的原因。‘广东黄’ב北菜03-1’种间杂交时,表现为花粉在雌蕊柱头上附着少,萌发率低,花粉管在柱头上出现各种异常现象等,使花粉管难以进入柱头,因此使种间杂交有性过程受到障碍。 田间杂交实验结果指出,‘广东黄’和‘北菜03-1’,正反交结实性差异很大,正交组合表现为杂交不结实,而反交组合杂交结实性良好。我们认为这种种间正反交结实率迥异的现象除雌雄蕊间不相适应外,在遗传机制上有可能是由细胞核和细胞质基因共同控制的,并且细胞质可能占有主导作用。In this paper the cause of Dendranthema × grandiflora Tzvel. 'Guang Dong Huang' ×Dendranthema indicum Des. Moul. 'Bei Cai 03-1' yielding little seed was studeid.Experimental results indicated that the cross combination 'Guang Dong Huang' × 'Bei Cai 03-1' had low pollen adhersion and low pollen germination on the female parent's stigmata; induced calloses depositing on the stigmata retarded pollen germination; and that the pollen tubes grew abnormally and could hardly penetrate into the stigmata, which created the final result that insemination could not complete. We also found that the hybrid-seed yielding had great difference between D. × grandiflora 'Guang Dong Huang' ×D. indicum Bei Cai 03-1 and D.indicum 'Bei-Cai 03-1'×D. × grandiflora 'Guangdong huang'. We suppose that the cause of infertility, besides disorders between stamen and pistil, is controlled by both cell nucleus and germplasm, in which germplasm may play a leading role.

关 键 词：菊花 杂交 不结实 

分 类 号：S682.110.3[农业科学—观赏园艺]