我国城市地裂缝灾害问题与对策  

The problem and countermeasure of ground fracture in city

作　　者：武强[1] 陈佩佩 张宇[3] 董东林[1] 王龙[4] 

机构地区：[1]中国矿业大学资源开发工程系,北京100083 [2]煤炭科学研究院北京开采所,北京100013 [3]中国铁路工程总公司物探试验中心,河北廊坊065000 [4]河北省邯郸市自来水公司,河北邯郸056000

出　　处：《中国地质灾害与防治学报》2002年第2期70-72,79,共4页The Chinese Journal of Geological Hazard and Control

摘　　要：从 2 0世纪中期以来地裂缝在我国许多城市开始出现 ,已成为一种区域性的重要地质灾害 ,严重危及城市建设与人民生活。文章详细介绍了我国地裂缝灾害的分布特征 ,总结出地裂缝具有成带性、不可抗拒性、方向性和周期性的灾害特点。以我国比较典型的新构造活动区域———汾渭地堑内的地裂缝为例 ,从构造活动和地下水开采影响方面分析了地裂缝形成机理 ,针对地裂缝产生的不同原因 ,提出了建筑物加固和减少地下水开采等控制及减轻地裂灾害的措施。Ground fractures have arisen in many cities since mid-century. They have been a kind of main territorial geological hazard and a severe harm for living of people and construction of city. This article introduces the distribution of the internal ground fractures concluding the characters such as zonal distribution, irresistibility, directivity and periodicity. Taking ground fractures in Fenwei basin as examples, authors analyzed the cause of formation from the activity of tectonics and the mining of underground water.They also brought forward the measures of preventing and mitigating ground fractures such as reinforing construction and reducing the pumping of underground water.

关 键 词：地裂缝 地质灾害 城市 构造活动 地下水 开采 形成机理 

分 类 号：P642.26[天文地球—工程地质学]