红土型金矿的成矿机理与成矿模式  

ORE-FORMING MECHANISM AND MODEL OF LATERITIC GOLD DEPOSITS

作　　者：王燕[1] 谭凯旋[1] 刘顺生[1] 陈梦熊[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院长沙大地构造研究所 [2]有色金属矿产地质调查中心,北京100814

出　　处：《地质与勘探》2002年第4期12-16,32,共6页Geology and Exploration

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目 (编号 :70 1710 5 7);中国科学院知识创新工程重要方向项目 (编号 :KZCX2 -10 1)

摘　　要：对红土型金矿的地质特征、主要控矿因素、金的溶解迁移与沉淀富集机理进行了分析。红土型金矿风化壳剖面具有分带性 ,金矿体主要呈层状、似层状产于铁 (硅铝 )质硬壳层、杂色粘土层中。金以自然金为主 ,主要呈显微、次显微状被褐铁矿、蒙脱石、高岭石及伊利石等矿物所吸附 ,金的成色较高。红土型金矿的形成受干、湿交替的热带、亚热带气候控制 ,并与基底构造 (特别是断裂构造 )密切相关。金主要以AuCl-4、Au(S2 O3 ) 3 -2 等络合物溶解和迁移 ,还原作用是金沉淀富集的重要因素。建立了红土型金矿的综合成矿模式。This paper analyzed the geological characters, main controlling factors, and the mechanism of dissolution, migration and precipitation of Au in lateritic gold deposits. The results show that weathering crust of lateritic gold deposits has vertical structural zoning, the main ore-bodies occurred at the second and the fourth layers as bedded or bedded-like. Au is mainly natural gold, which adsorbed on the surfaces of goethite, montmorillonite, kaolinite and illite as micro and sub-micro grains. Gold purity is quite higher. Formation of lateritic gold deposits is controlled by tropical and subtropical climate of dry and wet alternation and also related to the base structures (especially fractures). AuCl - and Au(S 2O 3) 3- 2 complexes are the main forms of Au dissolution and migration, and deoxidation is main factor which led Au deposition and concentration. A comprehensive metallogenic model for the lateritic gold deposits is proposed at last.

关 键 词：风化壳 地质特征 成矿模式 红土型金矿床 气候控制 基底构造 还原作用 

分 类 号：P618.51[天文地球—矿床学]