UV-B辐射对植物花粉萌发率和花粉管生长的累积效应  

Cumulative effect of solar ultraviolet B radiation on pollen germination and tube growth of 19 species in vitro.

作　　者：冯虎元[1] 安黎哲[1] 谭玲玲 侯宗东[1] 王勋陵[1] 

机构地区：[1]兰州大学生命科学学院和干旱农业生态国家重点实验室,兰州730000

出　　处：《应用生态学报》2002年第7期814-818,共5页Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金 ( 3 96 70 13 2 ;3 9970 12 6 );中国科学院兰州冰川冻土所冻土工程国家重点实验室基金 ( 980 8);中国科学院重点B资助项目 (KZ95 2 S1 2 16 ) .

摘　　要：　研究了 1 9种植物花粉在不同UV B辐射强度和辐照时间下其萌发率和花粉管伸长的变化 .结果表明 ,UV B辐射增加显著抑制大多数植物花粉的萌发率和花粉管生长 ;与对照相比 ,较高强度的UV B对花粉的抑制作用大于较低强度 ;几个种的花粉萌发率及花粉管生长对UV B增强不敏感 ,甚至被UV B辐射所促进 ;辐射时间越长 ,对花粉抑制作用愈大 ,说明具有辐射累积效应 .由此可知 ,植物花粉的萌发过程对UVIn order to determine the response of pollen to UV B irradiation and the cumulative effects of UV B exposure time on pollen germination and tube growth of plants,19 species were investigated in vitro by exposing their pollen grains to two levels of enhanced ultravioet B(UV B\-\{BE\})(280～320 nm,350 and 500 mW/m\+2 biologically effective UV B radiation), simulating 8% and 21% stratospheric ozone depletion in Lanzhou, China (36\^04°N,1550 m),and to no UV B (control group).Compared with the control,enhanced UV B radiation significantly inhibited pollen germination and tube growth in most species.Higher UV B flux rate caused greater inhibitory effect than lower UV B radiation level.Several test plants exhibited insensitivity,even stimulation of pollen germination and tube growth to UV B. The reduction in pollen germination rate and tube growth increased with exposure time, which indicated a cumulative effect of UV B radiation.It is concluded that changes in pollen susceptibility to UV B would have a serious ecological consequence under natural conditions.

关 键 词：花粉萌发率 花粉管生长 UV-B辐射 

分 类 号：Q945[生物学—植物学]