我国地方性砷中毒的地理流行病学规律及防治对策  

Study on the Geographically Epidemic Character of Arsenism and Its Countermeasures

作　　者：侯少范[1] 王五一[1] 李海蓉[1] 杨林生[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,北京100101

出　　处：《地理科学进展》2002年第4期391-400,共10页Progress in Geography

基　　金：中国科学院"九五"重大资助项目 (KZ951 - B1 - 2 0 4 )

摘　　要：本文报道我国地方性砷中毒病区的分布、类型和地理流行病学特征。研究了不同类型砷中毒病区砷从环境到人体的传输途径、通量和环境 -剂量效应。对环境剂量 -效应的研究表明 ,饮水型砷中毒病区的环境剂量效应因地质环境背景不同而异 ,提示不同环境地质背景下砷的赋存形态、价态不尽相同。In this paper, the distribution, type and geographically epidemic character of arsenism in China were reported. We studied the transmitting way, flux and dose effect of arsenic from environment to human in different type of arsenism in affected areas. The analysis of environmental dose effect of arsenic indicated that difference of environmental dose effect in drinking type arsenism in affected areas was caused by the differentiation of geological surroundings, for example, the lowest dose of arsenic in drinking water that could induce arsenism was 0 05 mg/L in Inner Mongulia, however, in Xinjiang, it was 0 12 mg/L, this indicated that the existing conformation and speciation of arsenic in water were distinguishing in different areas affected by arsenism; in areas affected by coal type arsenism, there was no patients affected by arsenism when the content of arsenic in coal was lower than 35 mg/kg. At last, the countermeasures to protect and control arsenism were presented according to the environmental, social and economic conditions in different areas affected by arsenism.

关 键 词：地方性砷中毒 病区分布 地理流行病学 环境-剂量效应 防治对策 中国 

分 类 号：R181.3[医药卫生—流行病学]