大菱鲆早期变态发育和体表黑色素细胞形态学观察  

The metamorphosis of turbot Scophthamus maximus and morphological observation on melanophores in larval skin

作　　者：朱杰[1] 张秀梅[1] 高天翔[1] 柳广东[1] 杨原文 

机构地区：[1]青岛海洋大学水产学院,山东青岛266003 [2]威海华信海珍品养殖公司,山东威海264200

出　　处：《水产学报》2002年第3期193-200,共8页Journal of Fisheries of China

基　　金：山东省优秀中青年科学家科研奖励基金;高等学校骨干教师资助计划;国家自然科学基金资助 ( 30 0 70 5 93)

摘　　要：对大菱鲆早期变态发育及体表黑色素细胞的形成过程进行了研究。绘制了 1～ 6 0日龄大菱鲆鱼苗形态发育图 ,同时观察拍摄不同发育时期体表黑色素细胞的形态变化。 14～ 17℃水温时 ,大菱鲆早期变态发育约需6 0d。 1～ 14日龄主要为器官发育 ;14～ 40日龄主要为形态变化 ,2 5日龄左右开始变态 ;40～ 6 0日龄变态基本完成。变态前 ,鱼苗体表的幼体黑色素细胞对称分布 ,色素细胞密度先增加后减少。变态开始后 ,鱼体两侧体色出现不对称。有眼侧体表幼体黑色素细胞减少 ,逐渐由成体黑色素细胞替代 ,体色变深 ;无眼侧幼体黑色素细胞逐渐消褪 ,未出现成体黑色素细胞 ,体色逐渐变为白色。若有眼侧体表成体黑色素细胞的出现受阻 ,则形成白化。The metamorphosis and skin melanophores of turbot, Scophthamus maximus (Linnaeus), were investigated. The morphological developments and changes of body color at different stages of 1 to 60 days old larvae were observed and photographed. The whole period of early development of turbot lasted about 60 days in spawning water at 14-17℃. The morphological development of larvae could be divided into three stages: development of organs (1-14 days old), development of morphology (14-40 days old) and completion of metamorphosis (40-60 days old). Metamorphosis occurred about 25 days after being hatched, and the larval melanophores of fry body were distributed symmetrically, with an increase of the density firstly and a decrease of the density followed. When metamorphosis occurred, the body color of fry became asymmetrical. On ocular side, larval melanophores of fry body disappeared and were replaced by adult ones. On blind side, the larval melanophores disappeared and no adult ones appeared. Albinism would occur if the development of adult melanophores on the ocular side of turbot was blocked.

关 键 词：大菱鲆 早期变态发育 体表黑色素细胞 形态学 白化现象 

分 类 号：Q959.4[生物学—动物学] S965.399[农业科学—水产养殖]