黄、渤海8种鱼类的生态转换效率及其影响因素  

Ecological conversion efficiencies of 8 fish species in Yellow Sea and Bohai Sea and main influence factors

作　　者：唐启升[1] 孙耀[1] 郭学武[1] 张波[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所,山东青岛266071

出　　处：《水产学报》2002年第3期219-225,共7页Journal of Fisheries of China

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重大资助项目 ( 4 9790 10 0 1) ;国家重点基础研究发展规划项目 (G19990 43710 )

摘　　要：研究应用室内或现场实验生态方法测定了黄、渤海 8种鱼类的生态转换效率及其主要影响因素 ,比较了室内与现场方法所测得数据的差异。结果表明 :(1) 8种鱼类的生态转换效率有显著差异 ,以湿重或比能值为单位表示的生态转换效率变化范围分别为 12 .9%～ 39.0 %和 14.8%～ 46 .1% ;(2 )温度、体重、摄食水平、饵料种类和群居行为等生态、生理因素均可能引起鱼类生长和生态转换效率等生态能量学特征的改变。其中 ,生态转换效率随温度和摄食量增大均呈倒U型变化趋势 ,随体重增大则呈减速下降趋势。当鱼类摄食不同饵料生物或群居行为发生变化时 ,能引起其摄食率与生长率显著差别 ,却不能使以比能值为单位表示的能量转化效率发生显著变化 ;(3)不同研究方法可能引起测定结果的显著不同 ,且其差异程度随鱼种不同而变化。The ecological conversion efficiencies of 8 fish species in the Yellow Sea and the Bohai Sea and main influence factors were studied by laboratory and in situ methods. Moreover, results determined by laboratory method were compared with those by in situ one. The results showed that: (1) There were significant differences among ecological conversion efficiencies of 8 fish species. The change range of food or energy conversion efficiencies of the fishes were 12.9%-39.0% or 14.8%-46.1% respectively. (2) Both of the specific growth rates and ecological conversion efficiencies changed along with differences of following ecological and physiological factors, such as temperature, body weight, feeding level, food species and social behavior etc. The ecological conversion efficiencies tended to show inverted 'U' change with rise of temperature and feeding level, and decelerating decrease with body weight increment. The feeding levels and specific growth rates could be significantly changed by differences of food species and social behavior, but energy conversion efficiencies could not. (3) There were significant differences, which changed with different fish species, between the results determined by laboratory and in situ methods.

关 键 词：黄海 渤海 鱼类 生态转换效率 影响因素 

分 类 号：Q959.4[生物学—动物学] S965.3[农业科学—水产养殖]